Hakim, Arif Rahman.2023. Development of Learning
Tools Based on Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP) to Train Students' Critical
Thinking Skills on Global Warming Materials. Thesis, Science Education
Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of
Surabaya. Supervisor :(1) Dr. Wahono Widodo, M.Si. and (II) Dr. Titin Sunarti,
M.Si.
Keywords: Development of Learning Devices, Toulmin’s Argument Pattern (TAP), Critical Thinking Skills, Global Warming
Education is a structured process for forming and developing the potential of students. The manifestation of this educational process is that there are several things that are trained, namely critical thinking skills which are a metacognitive stage including a number of sub-skills that are trained, namely Focus, Reason, Inference, Situation, and Overview. Critical thinking skills that are trained need to use the Discovery Learning learning model based on Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP). This study aims to develop appropriate learning tools based on the Toulmin Argument Pattern (TAP), which meet the criteria of validity, practicality and effectiveness to train students' critical thinking skills on global warming. The data collection method is through observation, critical thinking tests and student response questionnaires. Research data in the form of validity, practicality and effectiveness of learning tools were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The trial of this device was carried out in two stages, namely a limited trial conducted on 36 students from class X-1 and an extensive trial on 108 students from class X-1, X-2 and X-3 at SMA Negeri 1 Menganti. The results of the study show that (a) the learning tools developed are in the very valid category, (b) the learning tools developed are practical in terms of the implementation of learning in the very good category in all classes, and the learning activities of students are very active, (c) the learning tools developed are effective in terms of the improvement of critical thinking skills with an average n-gain is in the high category and the percentage of student responses is in a very positive category, so it can be concluded that the Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP) Based Learning Tool for Training Students' Critical Thinking Skills on Global Warming Materials developed is feasible to use for improve students' critical thinking skills.