ABSTRAK
Solissa, Everhard Markiano. 2019. Representasi Lokalitas dalam Nyanyian Rayat Buru Provinsi Maluku: Kajian Etnopragmastilisitka. Disertasi, Program Studi S-3 Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (1) Prof. Dr. H. Setya Yuwana Sudikan, M.A., dan (2) Prof. Dr. H. Haris Supratno.
Kata-Kata Kunci: Etnopragmastilistika, representasi lokalitas, representasi budaya Buru, representasi bahasa Buru, representasi gaya Buru.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan representasi (1) budaya Buru dengan mendeskripsikan pengetahuan Orang Buru, tradisi Orang Buru, dan nilai-nilai Orang Buru dalam nyanyian rakyat Buru, (2) bahasa Buru dengan mendeskripsikan penggunaan bentuk tuturan dan fungsi tuturan dalam nyanyian rakyat Buru, (2) gaya Buru dengan mendeskripsikan penggunaan bunyi, gaya bahasa, dan ungkapan dalam nyanyian rakyat Buru. Ketiga tujuan tersebut dianggap akuntabel merepresentasikan judul penelitian ini.
Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan perpaduan tiga bidang ilmu yakni etnografi, pragmatik, dan stilistika yang diramu menjadi etnopragmastilistika. Dengan etnopragmastilistika penelitian ini menghasilkan kajian yang komprehensif tentang penggunaan unsur-unsur kepulauburuan dalam nyanyian rakyat.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berwujud teks nyanyian rakyat, pernyataan informan, dan fakta di lapangan. Data tersebut diperoleh melalui dua sumber yakni empat orang informan dan hasil pengamatan. Kegiatan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik pengamatan, wawancara, dan rekaman. Pada penelitian ini peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen kunci dengan dipandu oleh pedoman pengumpulan data. Prosedur analisis data menggunakan model spiral yang dikemukakan oleh Creswell, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis hermeneutik dan metode agih. Untuk menghindari bias penelitian, dilakukan triangulasi terhadap setiap tahap penelitian, perangkat penelitian, klarifikasi temuan penelitian kepada informan sebagai pemilik nyanyian, Focussed Group Discussion, dan audit eksternal.
Hasil penelitian ini yakni (1) pengetahuan, tradisi, dan nilai membentuk pandangan hidup Orang Buru, (2) fungsi tuturan mengaktualisasikan sikap dan tindakan Orang Buru, (3) penggunaan bunyi, majas, dan ungkapan menciptakan kekhasan gaya penuturan dalam nyanyian rakyat Buru, (4) Etnografi, Pragmatik, dan Stilistika menyeleraskan makna lokalitas Buru dalam nyanyian rakyat Buru.
Secara teoretis penelitian ini menghasilkan ilmu baru yakni etnopragmastilistika dalam memperkaya teori sastra dengan pendekatan multidisipliner. Secara praktis, temuan penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi (1) dinas pendidikan kabupaten Buru Selatan terkait kurikulum muatan lokal, (2) dinas pariwisata dalam upaya memperkenalkan budaya Buru, (3) perguruan tinggi terkait pengajaran mata kuliah sastra lisan, dan (4) peneliti berikutnya sehubungan dengan teori dan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan.
ABSTRACT
Solissa, Everhard Markiano. 2019. Representation of Localities in Buru Folk Songs of Maluku Province: Ethnopragmastylistics Study. Dissertation, S-3 Study Program in Language and Literature Education, Postgraduate of Surabaya State University. Advisors: (1) Prof. Dr. H. Setya Yuwana Sudikan, M.A., and (2) Prof. Dr. H. Haris Supratno.
Key Words: ethnopragamstylistics, representation of localitaties, representation of Buru culure, representation of Buru language, representation of Buru style
The objectives of this study were to find representation of (1) the culture of Buru by describing the use of Buru knowledge, Buru traditions, and Buru value in Buru folk songs, (2) the language of Buru by describing the use of speech forms and functions in Buru folk songs, (3) the style of Buru by describing the use of sounds, language styles, and expressions in Buru folk songs. These three goals were considered accountable, representing the title of this research.
The theory used in this study was a combination of three sciences namely ethnography, pragmatics, and stylistics which were mixed into ethnopragmastylistics. By using ethnopragmastylistics, this research will produce a comprehensive study of the use of the elements of Buru islands in their folk songs.
This research was a qualitative descriptive study with an ethnographic approach. This research data was in the form of folk song texts, informant statements, and facts found in the research location. The data was obtained through two sources namely 4 informants and observations. Data collection activities were carried out by observation, interview, and recording techniques. In this study, the researcher acted as the key instruments guided by data collection guidelines. A spiral model proposed by Creswell was used as the procedure of data analysis, while hermeneutic and agih method was used as the data analysis technique. To avoid research bias, triangulation was carried out on each stage of the research, its tools, clarification of the research findings to the informants as songs owners, Focussed Group Discussions, and external audits.
The results of this study were (1) knowledge, tradition, and values form the life view of the Buru people, (2) the speech function actualizes the attitude and actions of the Buru people, (3) the use of sounds, language style, and expressions creating a distinctive style of narrative in the songs of the Buru people, (4) Ethnography, Pragmatics, and Stylistics harmonize the meaning of Buru locality in the songs of the Buru people.
Theoretically, this research produces new science namely ethopragmastilistika in enriching literary theory with a multidisciplinary approach. Practically, the findings of this study are useful for (1) the education department of South Buru district in relation to the curriculum of local content, (2) tourism services in an effort to introduce Buru culture, (3) higher education related to teaching oral literature courses, and (4) subsequent researchers in connection with the theory and research approach used.