PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK BERBASIS SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATERI BIOTEKNOLOGI

Development E-book Based on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Materials of Biotechnology and Development to Train Critical Thinking Skills

Perkembangan teknologi khususnya pendidikan memiliki tantangan yang dapat diatasi dengan keterampilan abad ke-21 yang salah satu cirinya ialah berpikir kritis. Salah satu pendekatan yang memiliki karakteristik untuk menjawab tuntutan pembelajaran abad 21 yang potensial untuk membantu siswa agar terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan belajar dan mampu melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis ialah dengan pendekatan STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). Unsur sains ada pada mata pelajaran Biologi, karakter materi Biologi yang sesuai untuk diintegrasikan dengan pendekatan STEM adalah materi Bioteknologi. Penelitian ini mengembangkan E-book berbasis STEM pada materi Bioteknologi untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 4-D model,yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yakni (1) difine, (2) design, (3) development, dan (4) dissemination. Uji coba produk ini dilakukan di MA Unggulan Al-Falah pada siswa Kelas XII MIPA sebanyak 20 peserta didik.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan E-book berbasis STEM materi Bioteknologi untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis memperoleh persentase rata-rata skor validitas sebesar 95,69% dengan kategori sangat valid. Keterbacaan E-book memperoleh rata-rata berada pada level 12 dan respon peserta didik menunjukkan respon positif dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 96,31%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan E-book berbasis STEM materi Bioteknologi untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik dinyatakan sangat valid dan sangat praktis.  

Kata kunci: E-book, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), Inovasi Pendidikan, keterampilan berpikir kritis, bioteknologi

The development of technological science, especially education, has challenges that can be overcome with 21st century skills characterised by the 4Cs. One approach that has the characteristics to answer the demands of 21st century learning that has the potential to help students to be actively involved in learning activities and be able to train critical thinking skills is the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach. The element of science is in the subject of Biology, the character of Biology material that is suitable for integration with the STEM approach is Biotechnology material. Learning resources in the form of printed media have not been able to explain a process briefly and easily understood by readers, but electronic media in the form of E-books can cover these shortcomings. This type of research is development research. This research develops STEM-based E on Biotechnology material to train students critical thinking skills. The development model used in the research is the 4-D model, which consists of 4 stages, namely (1) define, (2) design, (3) development, and (4) dissemination. The trial of this E-book development product was carried out at MA Unggulan Al-Falah on Class XII MIPA students as many as 20 students.  The results of this study show that the STEM-based E-book on Biotechnology material to train critical thinking skills obtained an average percentage of validity score of 95.69% with a very valid category. The readability of the E-book obtained an average at level 12 and the response of students showed a positive response with an average score of 96.31%. Thus, it can be concluded that the STEM-based E-book on Biotechnology material to train students critical thinking skills is declared very valid and very practical.  

Keywords: E-book, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), Educational Innovation, critical thinking skills, biotechnology