AKSES DAN PARTISIPASI PENDIDIKAN JENJANG SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI KALANGAN KELUARGA PRA SEJAHTERA DI KELURAHAN BABATAN KOTA SURABAYA

ACCESS AND PARTICIPATION IN SECONDARY EDUCATION AMONG UNDERPRIVILEGED FAMILIES IN BABATAN SUBDISTRICT, SURABAYA CITY

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji akses dan partisipasi pendidikan jenjang Sekolah Menengah di kalangan keluarga pra sejahtera di Kelurahan Babatan, Kecamatan Wiyung, Kota Surabaya. Latar belakang masalah pendidikan dan kemiskinan di Indonesia menunjukkan masih adanya kesenjangan akses pendidikan bagi kelompok pra sejahtera. Tingkat pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan, dan penghasilan berpengaruh terhadap akses pendidikan anak. Biaya pendidikan yang semakin mahal di setiap jenjang menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi keluarga pra sejahtera. Data menunjukkan APK dan APM di Kota Surabaya dan Kecamatan Wiyung masih perlu ditingkatkan, khususnya di kalangan kelompok pra sejahtera. Program pemerintah seperti PIP dan KIP belum sepenuhnya mengatasi akses pendidikan. Budaya masyarakat dan kesadaran keluarga juga berperan dalam partisipasi pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus berdasarkan teori kemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sosio-ekonomi keluarga pra sejahtera berdampak signifikan terhadap akses dan partisipasi pendidikan. Kendala utama meliputi tantangan finansial, keterbatasan sarana transportasi, dan perundungan akibat ketidaksetaraan sosial. Meskipun demikian, implementasi kebijakan pemerintah seperti Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dan Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) telah memberikan dampak positif yang substansial. Peran lembaga sosial dan sekolah juga penting dalam mendukung peningkatan akses dan partisipasi pendidikan bagi kelompok pra sejahtera. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kebijakan pemerintah, program pendampingan ekonomi, peningkatan kerjasama antarpemangku kepentingan, serta program literasi keuangan dan teknologi.

This study aims to examine the access and participation in secondary education among underprivileged families in Babatan Village, Wiyung District, Surabaya City. The background of educational and poverty issues in Indonesia shows there are still gaps in access to education for underprivileged groups. Parents' education level, occupation, and income affect children's access to education. The increasingly expensive costs of education at each level pose a challenge for underprivileged families. Data shows gross and net enrollment rates in Surabaya City and Wiyung District still need improvement, especially among underprivileged groups. Government programs such as PIP and KIP have not fully addressed issues of educational access. Community culture and family awareness also play a role in education participation. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method based on poverty theory. The results show that the socioeconomic conditions of underprivileged families have a significant impact on access and participation in education. The main constraints include financial challenges, limited transportation facilities, and bullying due to social inequality. However, the implementation of government policies such as the Family Hope Program (PKH) and the Indonesian Smart Card (KIP) has had a substantial positive impact. The role of social institutions and schools is also important in supporting increased access and participation in education for underprivileged groups. This study recommends strengthening government policies, economic assistance programs, increased cooperation between stakeholders, as well as financial and technological literacy programs.