Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Kepiting Biola (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) di Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madura

Diversity and Abundance of Fiddler Crabs (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) from Southern Coast of Bangkalan Regency, Madura

Kepiting biola memiliki peran penting dalam ekosistem mangrove, yakni sebagai deposit feeder, detritivor, dan keystone species sebagai bioindikator tingkat kesuburan sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis, keanekaragaman, kelimpahan, dominansi serta menganalisis korelasi antara dominansi dengan profil habitat kepiting biola di pantai selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madura. Sampling menggunakan metode belt transect dengan total plotting sebanyak 180 plot di tiga lokasi yang telah ditentukan, yakni Pantai Batah Barat (Kecamatan Kwanyar), Pantai Pasir (Kecamatan Kwanyar), dan Pantai Modung (Kecamatan Modung). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara menggali substrat di lubang hasil galian kepiting biola sedalam 15-20 cm. Data dianalisis secara deskripstif sedangkan korelasi dianalisis secara statistik analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dijumpai 10 spesies kepiting biola, yakni Gelasimus vocans, Gelasimus vomeris, Tubuca coarctata, Gelasimus tetragonon, Tubuca paradussumieri, Tubuca dussumieri, Tubuca bellator, Austruca perplexa, Tubuca rosea, dan Austruca triangularis. Indeks keanekaragaman kepiting biola ialah 1,93459. Indeks kelimpahan relatif kepiting biola tertinggi ialah Gelasimus vocans dengan indeks 36,76% dengan dominansi rendah mendekati 0 dengan nilai 0,19752. Profil habitat tidak berhubungan nyata terhadap dominansi kepiting biola dengan nilai koefisien korelasi lebih besar dari 0,5.

Fiddler crab has an important role in the mangrove ecosystem, namely as a deposit feeder, detritivore, and keystone species as a bioindicator of sediment fertility. This research aimed to describe the type, diversity, abundance, dominance and analyze the correlation between dominance and fiddler crab’s habitat profile on the southern coast of Bangkalan Regency, Madura. Sampling used the belt transect method with a total of 180 plots of plotting in three predetermined locations, namely Batah Barat Coast (Kwanyar District), Pasir Coast (Kwanyar District), and Modung Coast (Modung District). Sampling was done by digging the substrate in the hole from the fiddler crabs excavation as deep as 15-20 cm. The results analyzed descriptively while correlations were analyzed statistically. The result showed 10 species of fiddler crabs, namely Gelasimus vocans, Gelasimus vomeris, Tubuca coarctata, Gelasimus tetragonon, Tubuca paradussumieri, Tubuca dussumieri, Tubuca bellator, Austruca perplexa, Tubuca rosea, and Austruca triangularis. Fiddler crabs diversity index was 1.93459. The highest fiddler crabs relative abundance index was Gelasimus vocans with an index of 36.76% with low dominance approaching 0 with a value of 0.19752. Habitat profile was not significantly related to fiddler crabs dominance with correlation coefficient values greater than 0.5.