Pengembangan Soal Pendeteksi Logical Fallacy Melalui Keterampilan Argumentasi pada Konten Kimia SMA

Development of Logical Fallacy Detection Questions Through Argumentation Skills in High School Chemistry Content

Harahap, Ilham Pradana Putra. 2024. Pengembangan Soal Pendeteksi Logical Fallacy Melalui Keterampilan Argumentasi pada Konten Kimia SMA. Tesis, Program Studi S2 Pendidikan Sains, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Pembimbing (I) Prof. Dr. Suyono, M.Pd dan (II) Prof. Dr. Nuniek Herdyastuti, M.Si.

Kata Kunci: keterampilan argumentasi, logical fallacy, termokimia, kelayakan, chi square

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dihasilkannya soal pendeteksi logical fallacy melalui keterampilan argumentasi pada konten kimia SMA yang layak. Soal yang dikembangkan dapat mendeteksi logical fallacy yang dialami peserta didik melalui argumentasi yang diberikan pada konten termokimia. Selain soal pendeteksi logical fallacy, dikembangkan juga Lembar Penugasan Terstruktur Keterampilan Argumentasi (LPT-KA) dan angket peserta didik sebagai perangkat pembelajaran. Kelayakan perangkat pembelajaran disimpulkan berdasarkan tiga kriteria yaitu validitas, kepraktisan, dan efektivitas. Penelitian ini adalah jenis pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Validitas logis (isi dan konstruk) didasarkan pada hasil penilaian expert oleh tiga dosen ahli pada bidang pendidikan kimia. Validitas empiris didasarkan pada hasil reliabilitas soal pendeteksi logical fallacy. Kepraktisan diperoleh dari angket peserta didik. Efektivitas didasarkan pada hasil deteksi logical fallacy dan keterampilan argumentasi yang memenuhi kriteria keterampilan argumentasi yang telah ditetapkan serta korelasi antara hasil jawaban LPT-KA dengan soal LF menggunakan uji korelasi chi square. Implementasi akan dilakukan di SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya. Hasil penilaian oleh expert menunjukkan bahwa modus penilaian validitas logis adalah valid dan sangat valid. Hasil perhitungan reliabilitas soal sebesar 0,408 yang berarti r_hitung > r_tabel sehingga dinyatakan valid secara empiris. Dalam pembelajaran tidak ditemukan kendala dan modus angket peserta didik adalah “Ya” sehingga perangkat dinyatakan praktis. Perangkat yang dikembangkan efektif untuk mendeteksi logical fallacy dan menganalisis keterampilan argumentasi peserta didik serta terdapat korelasi antara hasil jawaban LPT-KA dengan soal LF. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat dinyatakan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan telah layak digunakan untuk mendeteksi logical fallacy melalui keterampilan argumentasi peserta didik.

Harahap, Ilham Pradana Putra. 2024. Development of Logical Fallacy Detection Questions Through Argumentation Skills in High School Chemistry Content. Thesis, Master’s Program of Science Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Supervisor (I) Prof. Dr. Suyono, M.Pd and (II) Prof. Dr. Nuniek Herdyastuti, M.Si.

Keywords: argumentation skills, logical fallacy, thermochemistry, feasibility, chi square

The aim of this research is to produce feasible logical fallacy detection questions through argumentation skills in high school chemistry content. The questions developed can detect logical fallacies experienced by students through the arguments given in thermochemical content. Apart from logical fallacy detection questions, a Structured Assignment Skills Argumentation Sheet (LPT-KA) and a student questionnaire were also developed as a learning tools. The feasibility of learning tools is concluded based on three criteria, namely validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This research is a type of development using the ADDIE model. Logical validity (content and construct) is based on the results of expert assessments by three expert lecturers in the field of chemistry education. Empirical validity is based on the reliability results of logical fallacy detection questions. Practicality is obtained from student questionnaires. Effectiveness is based on the results of logical fallacy detection and argumentation skills that meet the established argumentation skill criteria and the correlation between answer results of LPT-KA and LF questions using the chi square correlation test. Implementation will be carried out at SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya. The results of the assessment by experts show that the logical validity assessment mode is valid and very valid. The results of calculating the reliability of the questions are 0.408, which means r_count > r_table so it is declared empirically valid. In learning, no obstacles were found and the student questionnaire mode was "Yes" so the device was declared practical. The learning tools developed is effective for detecting logical fallacies and analyzing students' argumentation skills and there is a correlation between answer results of LPT-KA and LF questions. Based on the results of this research, it can be stated that the learning tools developed are feasible for use to detect logical fallacies through students' argumentation skills.