Pengembangan E-Book Task Analysis Program Training Vokasi Barista Untuk Individu Disabilitas Intelektual

Developing a Task Analysis-Based E-Book for Barista Vocational Training among Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

ABSTRAK

Tirza Dian Octivia. Pengembangan E-book Task Analysis Training Vokasi Barista Untuk Individu Disabilitas Intelektual. Tesis. Surabaya. Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan. 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kesempatan kerja bagi individu disabilitas intelektual akibat keterbatasan fungsi adaptif serta minimnya pelatihan vokasional yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan belajar mereka. Penelitian ini mengembangkan keterampilan vokasi barista karena tingginya minat konsumsi kopi di Indonesia dan prospek ekonomi yang menjanjikan. Pelatihan diberikan menggunakan pendekatan task analysis untuk membantu subjek memahami tahapan kerja secara sistematis dan didukung E-book berbasis visual serta video agar pembelajaran dapat dilakukan secara mandiri dan fleksibel. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan E-Book task analysis keterampilan vokasi barista yang diuji tingkat kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifannya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods yang terintegrasi dalam model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Penelitian dilakukan di Destiny Learning Center Surabaya dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak tujuh individu disabilitas intelektual berusia 17–30 tahun. Data dikumpulkan melalui validasi ahli materi, ahli media, ahli pendidikan khusus, dan ahli praktis serta tes keterampilan menggunakan one-group pretest-posttest untuk mengukur efektivitas produk yang dikembangkan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-Book yang dikembangkan berada pada kategori sangat valid, dengan persentase penilaian sebesar 100% dari ahli materi, 94% dari ahli media, dan 92% dari ahli pendidikan khusus. Dari aspek kepraktisan, media memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 84% dari praktisi lapangan dan termasuk dalam kategori praktis dengan revisi kecil. Sementara itu, hasil uji keefektifan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan vokasi barista pada seluruh peserta penelitian, dengan nilai rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,622 yang berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor pretest dan posttest (p = 0,000 < 0,05). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Book Task Analysis Training Vokasi Barista yang dikembangkan terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan vokasi barista pada individu disabilitas intelektual sehingga dapat mendukung kesiapan mereka untuk memasuki dunia kerja.

Kata kunci: disabilitas intelektual, task analysis, e-book, keterampilan vokasi, barista, ADDIE.

ABSTRACT

Tirza Dian Octivia. Development of a Barista Vocational Task Analysis Training E-Book for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. Master’s Thesis. Surabaya: Faculty of Education, 2025.

This study was motivated by the limited employment opportunities for individuals with intellectual disabilities due to adaptive functioning limitations and the lack of vocational training that aligns with their learning needs. This study developed barista vocational skills considering the increasing coffee consumption trend in Indonesia and the promising economic prospects of the profession. The training was delivered using a task analysis approach to support participants in understanding work procedures systematically and was supported by an E-book containing visual materials and videos to facilitate independent and flexible learning. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a task analysis E-book for barista vocational skills and evaluate its validity, practicality, and effectiveness.

This study employed a mixed methods approach integrated into the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research was conducted at Destiny Learning Center Surabaya with seven individuals with intellectual disabilities aged 17–30 years as research subjects. Data were collected through validation by subject matter experts, media experts, special education experts, and field practitioners, as well as vocational skill assessments using a one-group pretest–posttest design to measure the effectiveness of the developed product.

The findings indicated that the developed E-book was categorized as highly valid, with validation scores of 100% from subject matter experts, 94% from media experts, and 92% from special education experts. In terms of practicality, the media obtained an average score of 84% from field practitioners and was categorized as practical with minor revisions. Meanwhile, the effectiveness test demonstrated improvement in barista vocational skills among all research subjects, with an average N-Gain score of 0.622, categorized as moderate. Hypothesis testing using the Paired Sample T-Test revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed E-Book Task Analysis Training for Barista Vocational Skills is valid, practical, and effective in improving barista vocational skills among individuals with intellectual disabilities and can support their readiness to enter the workforce.

Keywords: Intellectual Disability, Task Analysis, E-Book, Vocational Skills, Barista, ADDIE.