Keanekaragaman Spesies Pteridophyta di Kawasan Wisata Air Terjun Supit Urang Pujon Kabupaten Malang
Species Diversity Pteridophyta in The Area of The Tourism of Supit Urang Waterfall Pujon Malang Regency
Pteridophyta memiliki keanekaragaman tinggi dengan total yang diketahui di seluruh dunia terdapat 12.000 spesies. Pteridophyta tumbuh di lingkungan yang lembab seperti di kawasan air terjun. Keanekaragaman sangat penting untuk diketahui karena keanekaragaman Pteridophyta akan memberikan gambaran tentang kondisi suatu ekosistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman spesies Pteridophyta di Kawasan Wisata Air Terjun Supit Urang Pujon. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan teknik observasi. Eksplorasi dilakukan di tiga stasiun berdasarkan ketinggian yang berbeda yaitu stasiun 1 (1200 m dpl), stasiun 2 (1300 m dpl), dan stasiun 3 (1400 m dpl). Observasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfologi dan faktor lingkungan abiotik. Identifikasi menggunakan buku Ferns of Malaya, dan Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Paku dari Jawa Timur. Data yang dihasilkan berupa inventarisasi spesies dan famili setiap stasiun. Data keanekaragaman dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, keanekaragaman taksonomi dan keanekaragaman dominansi. Hasil eksplorasi terdapat 33 spesies Pteridophyta dari 12 famili. Stasiun 1 terdapat 16 spesies dari 8 famili, stasiun 2 terdapat 20 spesies dari 9 famili dan stasiun 3 terdapat 21 spesies dari 10 famili. Keanekaragaman taksonomi sebesar 33,10-51,81 termasuk kategori sedang dan keanekaragaman dominansi sebesar 2,83-2,86 termasuk kategori rendah. Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener sebesar 3,3 termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Keanekaragaman spesies Pteridophyta yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa upaya konservasi perlu dilakukan karena Pteridophyta penting bagi ekosistem.
Kata kunci: air terjun; keanekaragaman spesies; Pteridophyta
Pteridophyta have high biodiversity with a total known worldwide there are 12,000 species. Pteridophyta grows in humid environments such as waterfalls. Diversity is very important to know because the diversity of Pteridophyta will provide an overview of the condition of an ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity index of Pteridophyta species in the Supit Urang Pujon Waterfall Tourism Area. This type of research is exploratory descriptive research with observation techniques. Exploration was carried out at three stations based on different altitudes, namely station 1 (1200 m asl), station 2 (1300 m asl), and station 3 (1400 m asl). Observations were made to determine the morphological characteristics and abiotic environmental factors. Identification using the book Ferns of Malaya, and Diversity of Ferns from East Java. The resulting data is an inventory of species and families at each station. Diversity data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, taxonomic diversity and dominance diversity. The exploration results revealed 33 species of Pteridophyta from 12 families. Station 1 has 16 species from 8 families, station 2 has 20 species from 9 families and station 3 has 21 species from 10 families. Taxonomic diversity of 33.10-51.81 is included in the medium category and dominance diversity of 2.83-2.86 is included in the low category. Shannon-Wienerdiversity of 3.3 is included in medium category. The diversity of Pteridophyta species obtained shows that conservation efforts need to be made because Pteridophyta are important for the ecosystem.
Keywords: Pteridophyta, Species Diversity, Waterfall