HUBUNGAN RASIO LINGKAR PINGGANG PINGGUL DAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH DENGAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI UNIT PELAKSANAAN TEKNIS DAERAH GRIYA WERDHA JAMBANGAN SURABAYA

The Relationship Between Waist to Hip Ratio and Body Composition with Hypertension in Elderly in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya

Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang banyak terjadi pada lansia. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara RLPP dan komposisi tubuh dengan hipertensi pada lansia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan serta perbedaan antara rasio lingkar pinggang panggul (RLPP) dan komposisi tubuh (massa lemak, massa otot, massa tulang, dan massa cairan) antara lansia hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi. 

Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain case-control. Penelitian dilakukan di UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya dengan sampel sebanyak 38 lansia hipertensi dan 38 tidak hipertensi. Data primer didapat dari pengukuran RLPP menggunakan meteran pita dan komposisi tubuh menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dan data sekunder berupa data tekanan darah dan tinggi badan lansia. Data diolah menggunakan uji lambda untuk hubungan dan uji chi square untuk perbedaan.

Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa RLPP, massa lemak, massa otot (p = <0,001), massa tulang (p = 0,026), dan massa cairan (p=0,049) berhubungan signifikan dengan hipertensi pada lansia. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa RLPP, massa lemak, massa otot, massa tulang (p = <0,001), dan massa cairan (p= 0,001) memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan antara lansia hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi. Lansia dengan RLPP obesitas berisiko 27,4 kali, massa lemak lebih dan massa otot dibawah normal berisiko 24,4 kali, massa tulang dibawah normal berisiko 5,8 kali, dan massa cairan kurang berisiko 5,1 kali mengalami hipertensi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara RLPP dan komposisi tubuh dengan hipertensi, serta terdapat perbedaan RLPP dan komposisi tubuh pada lansia hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi.K

ata kunci : hipertensi, RLPP, komposisi tubuh

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a non-communicable disease that often occurs in the elderly. Several studies show that there is a significant relationship between WHR and body composition and hypertension in the elderly. This research was conducted to determine the relationship and differences between the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body composition (fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass and fluid mass) between hypertensive and non-hypertensive elderly people. 

The research was conducted using a case-control design. The research was conducted at RTIU Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya with a sample of 38 hypertensive elderly and 38 non-hypertensive elderly. Primary data was obtained from WHR measurements using a tape meter and body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and secondary data consisted of data on blood pressure and height of the elderly. Data were processed using the lambda test for relationships and the chi square test for differences. 

The test results showed that WHR, fat mass, muscle mass (p = <0.001), bone mass (p = 0.026), and fluid mass (p = 0.049) were significantly related to hypertension in the elderly. The test results showed that WHR, fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass (p = <0.001), and fluid mass (p = 0.001) had significant differences between hypertensive and non-hypertensive elderly. Elderly people with obesity WHR have a 27.4 times risk, excess fat mass and below normal muscle mass have a 24.4 times risk, bone mass below normal has a 5.8 times risk, and lessfluid mass has a 5.1 times risk of developing hypertension. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between WHR and body composition and hypertension, and there are differences in WHR and body composition in hypertensive and non-hypertensive elderly people.

Key words: hypertension, WHR, body composition