Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair Nabati dan Silika Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max) Yang Mengalami Cekaman Air

The Effect of Phyto-Organic Liquid Fertilizer and Silica on the Growth of Soybean Plants (Glycine max) Under Water Stress

ABSTRAK

Buah pisang, bonggol pisang, dan daun paitan merupakan limbah yang mengandung hara N, P, K yang tinggi. Tanaman kedelai merupakan sumber utama protein nabati yang permintaannya tinggi di masyarakat, untuk meningkatkan produksinya perlu diberi pupuk. Ada dua tujuan penelitian, yaitu mendeskripsikan kualitas unsur hara dari Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Nabati dengan penambahan Silika (POC-Si) dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh antara POC-Si dan tingkat cekaman air terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai (Glycine max). Ada dua tahap penelitian, tahap I penelitian deskriptif saat pembuatan POC-Si, dan tahap II penelitian eksperimen saat mengaplikasikan POC-Si menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktorial, antara tingkat cekaman air dan perlakuan penambahan Si. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Anava dua arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan POC-Si mengandung unsur hara N 0,52%; P 0,27%; K 0,61%; Rasio C/N 14; dan C-Organik 7,54. Pemberian POC berpengaruh pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, kerapatan stomata, panjang akar, biomassa basah tanaman, dan pengukuran kadar air relatif daun (KARD) kedelai dengan konsentrasi terbaik yaitu 20 ml/liter + 1 gram Silika dengan tingkat kapasitas lapang air 100%.

Kata kunci: Pupuk organik cair; silika; pertumbuhan tanaman; kedelai; cekaman air.

ABSTRACT

Banana fruit, banana weevil, and paitan leaves are wastes that contain high N, P, K nutrients. Soybeans are the main source of vegetable protein which has high demand in the society, to increase the production, need fertilizer. There are two purpose research, to describe the quality of nutrients from Phyto-Organic Liquid Fertilizers with the addition of Silica (POC-Si) and to describe the effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer and the water stress level on soybean plant growth (Glycine max). There are two stages of research, the stage I descriptive research when making POC-Si, and the stage II experimental research when applying POC-Si using a two-factorial randomized block design (RBD), between the level of water stress and Si addition treatment. The research result were analyzed by two-way Anava then continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that POC-Si contained N 0.52%; P 0.27%; K 0.61%; C/N ratio 14; and C-Organic 7,54. The application of POC-Si has an effect on plant height, number of leaves, density of stomata, root length, wet plant biomass, and measurement of leaf relative water content (RWC) of soybeans (Glycine max) showed the best concentration of 20 ml/liter + 1 gram of Silica with 100% water field capacity level.

Key words: Liquid organic fertilizer; silica; plant growth; soy; water stress.