Invigorasi Benih Bayam (Amaranthus sp.) Dengan Ekstrak Akar Eceng Gondok 

Invigoration of Spinach Seeds (Amaranthus sp.) with Water Hyacinth Root Extract 

Benih bayam yang telah melewati masa kadaluarsa dapat ditingkatkan vigor dan viabilitas dengan perlakuan invigorasi menggunakan zat pengatur tumbuh alami seperti ekstrak akar eceng gondok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak akar eceng gondok dan masa kadaluarsa benih terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih bayam kadaluarsa serta interaksi dari kedua perlakuan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ekstrak 0 g/L, 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 75 g/L, dan 100 g/L. Faktor kedua yakni masa kadaluarsa benih bayam yaitu 1 bulan, 3 bulan, dan 6 bulan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Green House Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Surabaya dari bulan Oktober-Desember 2021. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan uji ANAVA Dua Arah dan apabila hasil uji signifikan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perlakuan konsentrasi dan masa kadaluarsa terhadap parameter perkecambahan dan parameter pertumbuhan benih bayam. Konsentrasi terbaik yaitu ditunjukkan pada perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak 75 g/L dan 100 g/L. Perlakuan masa kadaluarsa benih yang menunjukkan hasil terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan masa kadaluarsa benih 1 bulan. Kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak akar eceng gondok dan masa kadaluarsa benih menunjukkan tidak adanya interaksi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih.

Kata kunci: benih kadaluarsa; viabilitas; vigor; zat pengatur tumbuh alami 

Spinach seeds that have passed the expiration date can be increased its vigor and viability by invigorating treatment with natural plant growth regulators such as water hyacint root extract. This study aims to determine the effect of concentration of water hyacint root extract and seeds expiration date on the germination and growth of expired spinach seeds and the interaction of both treatment. This research used a Randomized Block Design with two factors and three replications. First factor was the concentration of extract were 0 g/L, 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 75 g/L, and 100 g/L. The second factor was expired time of spinach seeds which were 1 month, 3 month, and 6 month. This research was carried out at the Green House of Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,  from October to December 2021. The result were analyzed using two way ANOVA test and if the test result showed a significant value, it was continued with Duncan test at 5% level. The results showed that there was an influence between concentration and expiration time on germination parameters and growth parameters of spinach seeds. The best result was showed in treatment with concentration of water hyacinth extract 75 g/L and 100 g/L. The best expiry period that  shown the best result was 1 month. The combination of treatment with water hyacinth root extract concentration and seed expiration period showed no significant interaction on germination and seed growth.

Keywords: expired seeds; viability; vigor; natural plant growth regulators