Pengembangan E-Book Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Larung Tumpeng Telaga Sarangan untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan  Argumentasi pada Siswa

Development of an E-Book on Biodiversity Material Based on Local Wisdom of the Larung Tumpeng Tradition of Telaga Sarangan to Train Students' Argumentation Skills 

ABSTRAK

Catur Wardeny. 2024. Pengembangan E-Book Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Larung Tumpeng Telaga Sarangan untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan  Argumentasi pada Siswa. Tesis, Program Studi S2 Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (I) Dr. Rinie Pratiwi Puspitawati, M.Si dan (II) Lisa Lisdiana, S.Si, M.Si, Ph.D.

Kata Kunci: e-book, keanekaragaman hayati, keterampilan argumentasi, validitas, SMA.

Keterampilan argumentasi yang baik mencerminkan kemampuan berpikir ilmiah yang kuat, karena dalam setiap argumentasi tercermin penguasaan kognitif serta alasan-alasan ilmiah yang mendasarinya. Untuk dapat berargumentasi diperlukan dasar keterampilan 4C yang mencakup Critical Thinking (berpikir kritis), Creativity (kreatif), Collaboration (berkolaborasi), dan Communication (komunikasi) untuk mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tantangan dunia yang semakin kompleks. Keterampilan 4C penting dalam melatih argumentasi siswa karena mendukung analisis klaim dengan logis, menyusun ide inovatif, dan mempertimbangkan sudut pandang berbeda. Keterampilan argumentasi perlu dilatihkan dikembangkan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan argumentasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-book materi keanekaragaman hayati berbasis kearifan lokal tradisi larung tumpeng Telaga Sarangan yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk melatihkan keterampilan argumentasi pada siswa. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation). Uji coba dilakukan di SMA Negeri 13 Surabaya dengan 15 siswa kelas X-5. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) yang terdiri dari delapan sintaks yaitu: (1) identifikasi tugas; (2) pengumpulan data; (3) penyusunan argumen (4) sesi argumentasi; (5) diskusi reflektif; (6) penyusunan laporan, (7) review laporan; dan (8) revisi laporan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif  kuantitatif. E-book yang dikembangkan valid dengan skor rata-rata 3,9, validitas soal pretest dan posstest sebesar 3,83, dan skor validitas indeks Aiken sebesar 0,94. E-book yang dikembangkan praktis dengan observasi keterlaksanaan aktivitas guru sebesar 96%, observasi keterlaksanaan aktivitas siswa sebesar 96%, dan respon guru sebesar 96,4% dengan kategori sangat praktis, serta respon siswa yang menjawab “Setuju” sebesar 57,97% dan yang menjawab “Sangat Setuju” sebesar 39,34% mencerminkan respon siswa yang positif. Hasil uji keterbacaan pada level 12 praktis digunakan pada jenjang kelas 10 SMA. E-book yang dikembangkan efektif dengan ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa sebesar 88 (sangat tinggi) dan hasil uji N-Gain sebesar 0,77 (tinggi). Ketercapaian indikator keterampilan argumentasi pada claim naik menjadi 100%, data 91,67%, warrant 86,11%, backing 94,44%, qualifier 94,44%, dan rebuttal 59,72% dengan kategori sangat efektif untuk menggunakan e-book. Hasil uji N-Gain ketercapaian indikator keterampilan argumentasi sebesar 0,84 (tinggi). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, e-book yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan pada proses pembelajaran.

ABSTRACT

Catur Wardeny. 2024. Development of an E-Book on Biodiversity Material Based on Local Wisdom of the Larung Tumpeng Tradition of Telaga Sarangan to Train Students' Argumentation Skills. Thesis, Master of Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya State University. Supervisors: (I) Dr. Rinie Pratiwi Puspitawati, M.Si and (II) Lisa Lisdiana, S.Si, M.Si, Ph.D.

Keywords: e-book, biodiversity, argumentation skills, validity, high school.

Good argumentation skills reflect strong scientific thinking skills because every argumentation reflects cognitive mastery and the underlying scientific reasons. To argue, it is necessary to have basic 4C skills, including Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication, to prepare students to face the challenges of an increasingly complex world. The 4C abilities are important in training students' argumentation as they support analyzing claims logically, developing innovative ideas, and considering different points of view. Argumentation skills need to be practiced and developed in the learning process to improve students' argumentation skills. This study aims to produce an e-book of biodiversity material based on the local wisdom of the Telaga Sarangan larung tumpeng tradition that is valid, practical, and effective for practicing argumentation skills in students. The research model used is a development research model with the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The trial was conducted at SMA Negeri 13 Surabaya with 15 students of class X-5. The learning model used is Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) which consists of eight syntaxes namely: (1) task identification; (2) data collection; (3) argument preparation (4) argumentation session; (5) reflective discussion; (6) report preparation, (7) report review; and (8) report revision. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The developed e-book was valid with an average score of 3.9, the validity of the pretest and posttest questions was 3.83, and the Aiken index validity score was 0.94. The developed e-book was practical with teacher activity implementation observation of 96%, student activity implementation observation of 96%, and teacher response of 96.4% with a convenient category, as well as student responses who answered “Agree” of 57.97% and who answered “Strongly Agree” of 39.34% reflecting positive student responses. The readability test results at level 12 are practical for use at the 10th-grade level. The e-book developed is effective with the completeness of student learning outcomes 88 (very high) and N-Gain test results of 0.77 (high). The achievement of argumentation skill indicators on claim rose to 100%, data 91.67%, warrant 86.11%, backing 94.44%, qualifier 94.44%, and rebuttal 59.72% with a very effective category for using e-books. The N-Gain test results of the achievement of argumentation skills indicators amounted to 0.84 (high). Based on these results, the e-book developed is suitable for use in the learning process.