Pemanfaatan Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) dan Ganggeng (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle) sebagai Fitoremidiator Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) Deterjen

Utilization of Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) and Ganggeng (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle) as Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) Detergent Phytoremediators

Peningkatan populasi manusia menyebabkan pencemaran perairan semakin tinggi. Salah satu pencemar perairan adalah air bekas cucian yang mengandung deterjen Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) yang dapat mengancam keseimbangan ekosistem perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh kombinasi tanaman kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) dan ganggeng (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle) terhadap penurunan kandungan LAS, pH, BOD, dan kadar klorofil pada berbagai konsentrasi deterjen. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan satu faktor perlakuan yaitu kadar deterjen yang digunakan (3 ppm, 9 ppm, dan 15 ppm). Dalam penelitian dilakukan 4 kali pengulangan sehingga terdapat 24 unit perlakuan. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini meliputi kadar LAS deterjen media tanam, kadar BOD, derajat keasaman (pH), dan kadar klorofil pada tiap tanaman. Data LAS yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji T dengan taraf ketelitian 0,05. Data kadar klorofil dianalisis secara ANAVA dua arah. Data kimia air berupa BOD dan pH dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan dibandingkan dengan baku mutu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kombinasi tanaman terhadap penurunan LAS, pH, dan BOD pada berbagai konsentrasi deterjen. Penurunan tertinggi LAS terjadi pada konsentrasi 9 ppm. Penurunan kadar BOD tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi 15 ppm, dan kombinasi tanaman merubah pH menjadi asam pada berbagai konsentrasi deterjen. Tidak terdapat pengaruh jenis kombinasi tumbuhan pada berbagai konsentrasi larutan deterjen ditinjau dari kadar klorofil daun.

The increase in human population causes water pollution to increase. One of the water pollutants is domestic waste from used washing water which contains Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) detergent which can threaten the balance of the aquatic ecosystem. This research aims to describe the effect of a combination of Pistia stratiotes L and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle plants on reducing LAS content, pH, BOD, and chlorophyll levels at various detergent concentrations. The research was carried out experimentally using a randomized block design (RAK) with one treatment factor, namely the level of detergent used (3 ppm, 9 ppm, and 15 ppm). The research was carried out 4 times in repetition so that there were 24 treatment units. The parameters measured in this research include the LAS levels of planting media detergent, BOD levels, acidity (pH), and chlorophyll levels in each plant. The LAS data obtained were analyzed using the T-test with an accuracy level of 0.05. Data on chlorophyll levels were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Data supporting water chemical quality in the form of BOD and pH were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that there was an effect of plant combinations on reducing LAS, pH, and BOD at various detergent concentrations. The highest decrease in LAS occurred at a concentration of 9 ppm. The highest reduction in BOD levels occurred at a concentration of 15 ppm, and the combination of plants changes the pH to acidic at various detergent concentrations. There was no influence of the type of plant combination on various detergent solution concentrations in terms of chlorophyll levels in the leaves.