HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN DAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANJUT USIA DI RUKUN WARGA 01 KELURAHAN WONOKROMO SURABAYA

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EATING PATTERN AND MACRONUTRIENT INTAKE WITH THE INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION AGAINST THE ELDERLY IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD 01 WONOKROMO VILLAGE SURABAYA

Individu yang telah memasuki masa Lansia rentan terjangkit penyakit, salah satu penyakit yang sering diderita adalah hipertensi. Hipertensi merupakan silent killer dimana gejalanya sangat bermacam-macam pada setiap individu dan hampir sama dengan penyakit lain. Pola makan dan Asupan zat gizi makro berperan penting dalam terjadinya penyakit hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pola Makan dan Asupan Zat Gizi Makro Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lansia Di Rukun Warga 01 Kelurahan Wonokromo, Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden yang digunakan adalah 50 orang yang bertempat tinggal di Rukun Warga 01 Kelurahan Wonokromo, Surabaya menggunakan metode total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) dan kuesioner pola makan yang telah valid dan reliabel. Analisis hubungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi (P=0,0002) dan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara zat gizi karbohidrat dengan kejadian hipertensi (P=0,479) sedangkan zat gizi makro protein (P=0,0004) dan lemak (P=0,002) memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian hipertensi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dan asupan zat gizi makro protein dan lemak dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di Rukun Warga 01 Kelurahan Wonokromo, Surabaya

Kata kunci:  Hipertensi, Lansia, Asupan Zat Gizi Makro, Pola Makan

Individuals who have entered the elderly are vulnerable to disease, one of the diseases often suffered is hypertension. Hypertension is a silent killer where the symptoms are various in each individual and are almost the same as other diseases. Eating pattern and macronutrient intake have an important contribution towards the occurrence of hypertension. This study aims to determine the relationship between eating pattern and macronutrient intake with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at neighbourhood 01 Wonokromo Village, Surabaya. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. Respondents used were 50 people who live in neighbourhood 01 Wonokromo Village, Surabaya using the total sampling method. The instruments used were the Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and a valid and reliable eating pattern questionnaire. The relationship was analyzed using Rank Spearman test. The results showed that there was a relationship between eating pattern and the incidence of hypertension (P=0.0002) and there was no significant relationship between carbohydrate nutrients and the incidence of hypertension (P=0.479) while macronutrients protein (P=0.0004) and fat (P=0.002) had a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. Based on these results it can be concluded that there is a relationship between eating pattern and macronutrient intake of protein and fat with the incidence of hypertension against elderly in neighbourhood 01 Wonokromo Village, Surabaya.

Keywords: Hypertension, Elderly, Macronutrient Intake, Diet