Efektivitas Pos Bantuan Hukum Desa Dalam Memperluas Akses Bantuan Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Yang Berhadapan Dengan Perkara Pidana Di Desa Sukomoro Kabupaten Magetan

The Effectiveness of the Village Legal Aid Post in Expanding Access to Legal Aid for People Dealing with Criminal Cases in Sukomoro Village, Magetan Regency

Bantuan hukum merupakan hak konstitusional setiap warga negara sebagai perwujudan prinsip equality before the law dan access to justice. Untuk memperluas akses bantuan hukum di tingkat desa, pemerintah membentuk Pos Bantuan Hukum (Posbankum) Desa. Namun, pelaksanaan Posbankum Desa di berbagai daerah, termasuk Desa Sukomoro, Kabupaten Magetan, belum berjalan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan dan efektivitas peran Posbankum Desa dalam memberikan akses bantuan hukum kepada masyarakat yang berhadapan dengan perkara pidana serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan socio-legal dan desain studi kasus evaluatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan teori efektivitas hukum Soerjono Soekanto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Posbankum Desa Sukomoro telah terbentuk secara kelembagaan, namun pelaksanaan layanan belum optimal karena rendahnya pemanfaatan oleh masyarakat, terbatasnya sosialisasi, belum optimalnya sumber daya manusia, serta lemahnya koordinasi dengan Organisasi Bantuan Hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kelembagaan melalui peningkatan kapasitas pengurus, penyusunan standar operasional prosedur, penguatan jejaring dengan Organisasi Bantuan Hukum, serta sosialisasi yang berkelanjutan agar Posbankum Desa dapat berfungsi secara efektif dalam memperluas akses bantuan hukum bagi masyarakat.

Kata Kunci : Pos Bantuan Hukum Desa, bantuan hukum, efektivitas, akses terhadap keadilan, perkara pidana.

Legal aid is a constitutional right of every citizen as a manifestation of the principle  of equality before the law and access to justice. To expand access to legal aid at the village level, the government established a Village Legal Aid Post (Posbankum). However, the implementation of Village Posbankum in various regions, including Sukomoro Village, Magetan Regency, has not run optimally. This study aims to analyze the implementation and effectiveness of the role of Village Posbankum in providing access to legal aid to people dealing with criminal cases and identify factors that affect its effectiveness. This study uses an empirical legal research method with a socio-legal approach  and an evaluative case study design. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and literature studies, then analyzed qualitatively using Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal effectiveness. The results of the study show that the Sukomoro Village Posbankum has been formed institutionally, but the implementation of services has not been optimal due to low utilization by the community, limited socialization, lack of optimal human resources, and weak coordination with Legal Aid Organizations. Therefore, institutional strengthening is needed through increasing the capacity of administrators, the preparation of standard operating procedures, strengthening networks with Legal Aid Organizations, and continuous socialization so that the Village Posbankum can function effectively in expanding access to legal aid for the community.

Keywords: Village Legal Aid Post, legal aid, effectiveness, access to justice, criminal cases.