PENGATURAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGUNTITAN DI INDONESIA

(Studi Komparasi) 

REGULATION AND HANDLING OF THE CRIMINAL ACT OF STALKING IN INDONESIA

(Comparative Study) 

Penguntitan jika didasarkan pada beberapa konsep memiliki pengertian sebagai tindakan mengikuti orang lain yang dilakukan secara terus menerus yang mana tindakan tersebut menyebabkan rasa takut bagi korban yang mengalaminya. Tindakan mengikuti orang lain secara mengganggu sendiri diatur pada Pasal 493 KUHP. Terdapat beberapa negara yang juga sudah memiliki pengaturan khusus terhadap tindak pidana penguntitan salah satunya yakni Korea Selatan yaitu Act on Punishment of Crime of Stalking. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pembahasan terkait perbandingan aturan dan sanksi pidana tindak pidana penguntitan dalam hukum pidana Indonesia dan Korea Selatan, serta perbandingan terkait penanggulangan tindak pidana penguntitan dalam proses peradilan pidana di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan dengan fokus pada tahap penyelidikan penyidikan di Indonesia dan investigasi di Korea Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan perbedaan dan persamaan unsur dan ancaman pidana dari pengaturan tindak pidana penguntitan di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan, dimana Indonesia mengatur tindak pidana penguntitan di ranah umum mencakup jalan umum saja sedangkan Korea Selatan mengatur tindak pidana penguntitan pada ranah umum dan ranah privat yang mencakup tempat tinggal, sekolah, tempat kerja, tempat aktivitas sehari hari korban. Sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan pada dasarnya secara keseluruan dapat dikatakan sama yang dimulai pada tahap penyelidikan-penyidikan, penuntutan, persidangan, putusan. Namun yang membedakan Korea Selatan hanya mengenal istilah investigasi. Pada tahap investigasi ini ditambahkan tindakan khusus bagi pelaku yakni tindakan tanggap darurat, tindakan darurat mendesak, dan tindakan sementara.

Stalking if it is based on several concepts has the meaning of following another person that is carried out continuously where the action causes fear for the victim who experiences it. The act of following others in a disturbing manner is regulated in Article 493 of the Criminal Code. There are several countries that also have special regulations for the crime of stalking, one of which is South Korea, namely the Act on Punishment of Crime of Stalking. This study focuses on the comparison of the rules and penalties for the crime of stalking in the criminal law of Indonesia and South Korea, as well as the comparison related to the countermeasures of criminal acts of stalking in the criminal justice process in Indonesia and South Korea with a focus on the investigation stage of the investigation in Indonesia and the investigation in South Korea. This research was conducted using normative juridical research methods with legal, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of this study found differences and similarities in the elements and criminal threats of stalking in Indonesia and South Korea, where Indonesia regulates the crime of stalking in the public domain covering public roads only while South Korea regulates the crime of stalking in the public domain and the private domain which includes the victim's residence, school, workplace, and place of daily activities. The criminal justice system in Indonesia and South Korea can basically be said to be the same as it began at the stage of investigations, prosecutions, trials, and verdicts. However, what distinguishes South Korea is only the term investigation. At this stage of the investigation, special actions were added for the perpetrators, namely emergency response measures, urgent emergency measures, and temporary measures.