Application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model to Improve the Problem Solving Ability of High School Students on Energy and Business Materials in the Merdeka Curriculum
Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka yang menekankan pengembangan kompetensi dan kemanpuan abad 21, kemampuan pemecahan masalah sangat penting bagi peserta didik untuk menghadapi permasalahan kehidupan sehari-hari. Model PBL merupakan model yang tepat untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dimana peserta didik dihadapkan pada masalah nyata sebagai pusat pembelajaran. Hal ini sejalan dengan prinsip Kurikulum Merdeka yang mendorong pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan pemecahan masalah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan penerapan model PBL untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik SMA materi energi dan usaha, mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik SMA setelah diterapkan model PBL dan mendeskripsikan respon peserta didik terhadap penerapan model PBL. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi experimental dengan control group pre-test post-test design. Variabel manipulasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu model pembelajaran PBL dan model pembelajaran konvesional. Sedangkan variabel respon dalam penelitian ini yaitu keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan respon peserta didik. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, validasi, tes dan angket. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa : (1) Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan diterapkan model PBL terlaksana dengan sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata 93,2 %, (2) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik setelah diberi perlakuan model PBL mengalamai peningakatan dengan N-Gain sebesar 0,4996 dan Effect Size sebesar 0,70 dengan kategori sedang, dan (3) Respon peserta didik setelah diterapkan model PBL sangat postitif dengan persentase diatas 85% dan kategori sangat baik . Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan diterapkan model PBL mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik SMA terutama pada materi energi dan usaha.
Kata Kunci : Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah, Model PBL, Kurikulum Merdeka, Energi dan Usaha
In the Independent Curriculum that emphasizes the development of competencies and competencies in the 21st century, problem-solving skills are very important for students to face the problems of daily life. The PBL model is the right model to develop problem-solving skills, where students are faced with real problems as the center of learning. This is in line with the principles of the Independent Curriculum which encourages project-based learning and problem solving.This study aims to describe the implementation of the PBL model to improve the problem-solving ability of high school students in energy and business materials, describe the problem-solving ability of high school students after the implementation of the PBL model and describe the response of students to the implementation of the PBL model. The research design used was quasi-experimental with a control group pre-test post-test design. The manipulation variables in this study are the PBL learning model and the conventional learning model. Meanwhile, the response variables in this study are the implementation of learning, improvement of problem-solving skills and student response. The data collection method uses observation, validation, test and questionnaire methods. The results of the study were obtained that: (1) The implementation of learning by applying the PBL model was carried out very well with an average percentage of 93.2%, (2) Students' problem-solving ability after being treated with the PBL model experienced an increase with an N-Gain of 0.4996 and an Effect Size of 0.70 with a medium category, and (3) The response of students after applying the PBL model is very positive with a percentage above 85% and a very good category. The results of the study can be concluded that by applying the PBL model, it is able to improve the problem-solving ability of high school students, especially in energy and business materials.
Keywords: Problem Solving Ability, PBL Model, Independent Curriculum, Energy and Business Materials