Efek Ekstrak Daun Pepaya Jepang terhadap Kadar Kolesterol, Morfometri, dan Histologi Hepar Mencit Hiperkolesterolemia

The Effects of Japanese Papaya Leaf Extract on Cholesterol Levels, Morphometry, and Liver Histology of Hypercholesterolemic Mice

Daun pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) diduga memiliki senyawa bioaktif berpotensi menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan memperbaiki kerusakan hepar. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang terhadap kadar kolesterol, morfometri, dan struktur histologi hepar mencit hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Dosis ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang yang digunakan yakni 11,2; 16,8; 22,4; dan 28 mg/20 g BB. Data warna dan permukaan hepar dianalisis deskriptif. Data kadar kolesterol, berat, dan diameter hepar dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA. Data struktur histologi hepar dianalisis menggunaan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan warna maupun permukaan hepar kelompok perlakuan ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang adalah normal berwarna merah kecoklatan dan permukaannya rata halus. Terdapat efek pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol sangat signifikan (P<0,005), berat hepar (P<0,001), diameter hepar (P<0,000), dan penurunan tingkat kerusakan sel hepar mencit hiperkolesterolemia (P<0,041). Simpulan penelitian ini pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang menurunkan kadar kolesterol juga memperbaiki kerusakan hepar dan dosis terbaiknya adalah 28 mg/20 g BB.

Japanese papaya leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) are thought to have bioactive compounds that potential to reduce cholesterol levels and repair liver damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving Japanese papaya leaf extract on cholesterol levels, morphometry, and liver histological structure of hypercholesterolemic mice. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The doses of Japanese papaya leaf extract used were 11.2; 16.8; 22.4; and 28 mg/20 g BW. The data of color and liver surface were analyzed descriptively. The data of cholesterol levels, weight, and liver diameter were analyzed using the ANOVA test. The data of liver histological structure was analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that the color and liver surface of the treatment group of Japanese papaya leaf extracts were normal brownish-red and flat smooth. There was a very significant effect of giving Japanese papaya leaf extract on cholesterol levels (P<0.005), liver weight (P<0.001), liver diameter (P<0.000), and reduced the level of damage to hypercholesterolemic mice's liver cells (P<0.041). The conclusion of this study is Japanese papaya leaf extract reduces cholesterol levels, repair liver damage, and the best dose is 28 mg/20 g BW.