Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Problem solving untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik pada Materi Laju Reaksi

Development of Problem solving-based Learner Worksheets to Improve Learners' Science Process Skills on Reaction Rate Material

Perkembangan sistem pendidikan mendorong pembaruan kurikulum di Indonesia, salah satunya melalui Kurikulum Merdeka yang menekankan penguatan keterampilan abad ke-21, termasuk keterampilan proses sains. Materi laju reaksi dalam pelajaran kimia bersifat abstrak dan memerlukan pendekatan eksperimental agar lebih mudah dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis problem solving guna meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik pada materi laju reaksi. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), yang dibatasi hingga tahap Develop. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan terhadap 30 peserta didik kelas XI SMA IPIEMS Surabaya. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi lembar telaah, validasi ahli, angket respon peserta didik, lembar observasi aktivitas, serta tes keterampilan proses sains melalui pretest dan posttest. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis validitas oleh validator ahli, analisis kepraktisan berdasarkan persentase respon dan aktivitas peserta didik, serta analisis efektivitas menggunakan N-Gain dan uji statistik Paired Sample t-Test dengan bantuan software SPSS. Kepraktisan LKPD tergolong sangat tinggi dengan rata-rata respon peserta didik sebesar 98%. Efektivitas LKPD terlihat dari peningkatan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik dengan nilai N-Gain rata-rata 0,81 (kategori tinggi) dan hasil uji t menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,05). Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis problem solving dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif.

The development of the education system has driven curriculum reform in Indonesia, one of which is through the Merdeka Curriculum that emphasizes strengthening 21st-century skills, including science process skills. The reaction rate topic in chemistry is abstract and requires an experimental approach to be better understood. This study aims to develop a Student Worksheet (LKPD) based on problem solving to enhance students’ science process skills on the reaction rate topic. The research used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), which was limited to the Develop stage. A limited trial was conducted on 30 eleventh-grade students at Senior Hight School IPIEMS Surabaya. The instruments used included review sheets, expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, activity observation sheets, and science process skill tests through pretest and posttest. Data analysis techniques included validity analysis by expert validators, practicality analysis based on the percentage of student responses and activities, and effectiveness analysis using N-Gain and the Paired Sample t-Test with SPSS software. The practicality of the LKPD was categorized as very high, with an average student response of 98%. The effectiveness of the LKPD was shown by an increase in students’ science process skills with an average N-Gain score of 0.81 (high category), and the t-test results indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05). Therefore, the problem-solving-based LKPD is declared valid, practical, and effective in improving students’ science process skills in the reaction rate topic.