Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan MP-ASI dengan Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Bayi Usia 6-12 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Baru Kota Samarinda

The Relationship between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding to the Growth and Development of Infants Aged 6 - 12 Months in the Working Area of ​​the Harapan Baru Community Health Center, Samarinda City

Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dan Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) merupakan penentu tumbuh kembang bayi yang dimulai dari periode 0 hari atau hari setelah lahir hingga usia 2 tahun. Pemberian asupan zat gizi yang kurang dari kebutuhan dapat menyebabkan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak jangka panjang, bersifat permanen, hingga sulit untuk diperbaiki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan MP-ASI dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi usia 6–12 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Baru Kota Samarinda. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Posyandu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Baru, Kota Samarinda. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu bayi 6-12 bulan dengan sebanyak 84 responden, pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistik non parametrik korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan pertumbuhan bayi 6-12 bulan (p=0,00), ada hubungan pemberian ASI dengan perkembangan bayi usia 6-12 bulan (p=0,021), ada hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dengan pertumbuhan bayi 6-12 bulan (p=0,022), dan ada hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dengan perkembangan bayi 6-12 bulan (p=0,042). Peningkatan pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI yang tepat sangat penting untuk mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi yang optimal.

Kata Kunci: ASI Eksklusif, MP-ASI, Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan, Bayi.

Breastfeeding (ASI) and complementary feeding (MP-ASI) are determinants of a baby's growth and development starting from the period 0 days or the day after birth until the age of 2 years. Providing nutritional intake that is less than required can cause long-term growth and development in children, which is permanent and difficult to repair. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and MP-ASI with the growth and development of babies aged 6–12 months in the Harapan Baru Community Health Center Working Area, Samarinda City. Type of quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The location of this research was carried out at the Posyandu in the Working Area of ​​the Harapan Baru Community Health Center, Samarinda City. The sample in this study was mothers of babies 6-12 months with 84 respondents. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis technique uses the Spearman correlation non-parametric statistical test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between giving exclusive breastfeeding and the growth of babies aged 6-12 months (p=0.00), there was a relationship between giving breast milk and the development of babies aged 6-12 months (p=0.021), there was a relationship between giving MP-ASI and growth babies 6-12 months (p=0.022), and there is a relationship between giving MP-ASI and the development of babies 6-12 months (p=0.042). Increasing the provision of appropriate breast milk and MP-ASI is very important to achieve optimal growth and development of babies.

Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, growth, development, baby.