Analisis Tata Kelola Transportasi Berkelanjutan (Studi Pada Suroboyo Bus Listrik Di Kota Surabaya)

Analysis Of Sustainable Transportation Governance (Study On Suroboyo Electric Bus In Surabaya City)

Kota Surabaya sebagai salah satu kota metropolitan di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan besar dalam sektor transportasi yang menghasilkan 52% emisi gas rumah kaca, sehingga Suroboyo bus Listrik dioperasikan sebagai solusi ramah lingkungan. Namun, berbagai kendala seperti fasilitas titik pemberhentian yang kurang memadai, aksesibilitas yang belum inklusif, durasi pengisian daya yang lama, serta emisi tidak langsung dari sumber energi listrik masih menjadi hambatan dalam mewujudkan sistem transportasi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tata kelola transportasi berkelanjutan pada Suroboyo Bus Listrik dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan sepuluh prinsip transportasi berkelanjutan menurut Tamin (2007). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar prinsip telah diterapkan namun belum optimal. Pada prinsip aksesibilitas dan keadilan sosial, ditemukan bahwa titik pemberhentian kurang aman, armada belum ramah disabilitas, serta klasifikasi kursi belum digunakan sesuai peruntukannya. Prinsip keberlanjutan lingkungan tercermin dari pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca hingga 71,15% tanpa polusi udara, yang berdampak positif terhadap kesehatan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan, namun pemanfaatan perangkat keselamatan masih rendah. Partisipasi publik cukup aktif, namun informasi operasional belum menjangkau seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Prinsip ekonomis tercermin dalam efisiensi biaya energi sebesar 25% dengan tarif terjangkau, tetapi integrasi tiket belum menyeluruh. Prinsip informasi dan analisis menunjukkan keterbukaan terhadap aspirasi, namun tidak terpublikasi dan advokasi LSM belum ditindaklanjuti. Capacity building telah dilakukan melalui pelatihan petugas, namun edukasi publik berbasis digital masih terbatas. Selain itu, jejaring antar pemangku kepentingan masih memiliki kendala dalam penyesuaian headway dan durasi pengisian daya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi menyeluruh untuk mendorong terwujudnya sistem transportasi yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.

Surabaya, as one of Indonesia's metropolitan cities, faces major challenges in the transportation sector, which accounts for 52% of greenhouse gas emissions. As a result, the Suroboyo Electric Bus has been introduced as an environmentally friendly solution. However, various obstacles such as inadequate stop facilities, limited accessibility, long charging times, and indirect emissions from electricity sources remain barriers to achieving a sustainable transportation system. This study aims to analyze the governance of sustainable transportation in the Suroboyo Electric Bus using a qualitative descriptive method based on the ten principles of sustainable transportation according to Tamin (2007). The results indicate that most principles have been implemented but not optimally. Regarding accessibility and social equity, it was found that bus stops are unsafe, the fleet is not disability-friendly, and seat classifications are not used as intended. Environmental sustainability is reflected in a 71.15% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions without air pollution, positively impacting the health and safety of road users; however, the use of safety devices remains low. Public participation is quite active, but operational information has not reached all segments of society. The economic principle is reflected in energy cost efficiency of 25% with affordable fares, but ticket integration is not yet comprehensive. The principle of information and analysis shows openness to aspirations, but it has not been published and advocacy by non-governmental organizations has not been followed up. Capacity building has been conducted through staff training, but digital-based public education remains limited. Additionally, coordination among stakeholders still faces challenges in adjusting headway and charging duration. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is needed to promote the realization of a more inclusive and sustainable transportation system.