Pengaruh Project Based Learning dan Gaya Kognitif terhadap Keterampilan Kolaborasi dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

The Influence of Project Based Learning and Cognitive Style on Collaboration Skills and Student Learning Outcomes at Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji: (1) perbedaan antara keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa yang mengikuti project based learning dan direct instruction di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, (2) perbedaan antara keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif field independent (FI) dan gaya kognitif field dependent (FD) di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, (3) interaksi antara project based learning dan gaya kognitif terhadap keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, (4) perbedaan antara hasil belajar mahasiswa yang mengikuti project based learning dan direct instruction di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, (5) perbedaan antara hasil belajar mahasiswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif field independent (FI) dan gaya kognitif field dependent (FD) di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, dan (6) interaksi antara project based learning dan gaya kognitif terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa enam prodi di FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya yang sedang menempuh mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia berjumlah 130 mahasiswa. Mahasiswa tiga prodi dijadikan kelas eksperimen dan tiga prodi lainnya sebagai kelas kontrol. Untuk kelas eksperimen, pembelajaran menggunakan project based learning, sedangkan kelas kontrol memakai direct instruction. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, tes, dan dokumentasi. Data penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Manova berbantuan program SPSS.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Terdapat perbedaan keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa antara yang mengikuti model pembelajaran project based learning dan direct instruction, 2) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa yang memiliki field independent dan field dependent, 3) Terdapat interaksi yang signifikan antara model pembelajaran project based learning dan gaya kognitif terhadap keterampilan kolaborasi mahasiswa, 4) Terhadap perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar mahasiswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning dan direct instruction. 5) Terdapat pengaruh gaya kognitif field independent dan field dependent terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa, dan 6) Terhadap interaksi yang signifikan antara model project based learning dan gaya kognitif terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. 

    This study aims to examine: (1) the differences between the collaboration skills of students who take part in project-based learning and direct instruction at the University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya, (2) the differences between the collaboration skills of students who have a field independent (FI) cognitive style and field dependent (FD) cognitive style at Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, (3) interaction between project based learning and cognitive style on student collaboration skills at Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, (4) differences between student learning outcomes following project based learning and direct instruction at the Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, (5) the difference between the learning outcomes of students who have a field independent cognitive style (FI) and a field dependent cognitive style (FD) at the Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, and (6) the interaction between project based learning and cognitive style on student learning outcomes at the Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya.

    This study used an experimental design with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The sample was 130 students of six study programs at FKIP Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya who were taking Indonesian language courses. Students from three study programs were used as the experimental class and three other study programs as the control class. For the experimental class, learning uses project based learning, while the control class uses direct instruction. Research data were collected through questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The research data were then analyzed using Manova assisted by the SPSS program.
    The results of the study show that: 1) There are differences in student collaboration skills between those who follow the project based learning and direct instruction learning models, 2) There are significant differences between the collaboration skills of students who have an field independent and a field dependent, 3) There is a significant interaction between the project based learning model and cognitive style on student collaboration skills, 4) There is a significant difference between student learning outcomes using project based learning and direct instruction learning models. 5) There is an influence of field independent and field dependent cognitive styles on student learning outcomes, and 6) There is a significant interaction between project based learning models and cognitive styles on student learning outcomes at the Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya.