Pengembangan Model Direct-Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kreatif Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Biologi Di SMA Cita Hati Christian School Surabaya

Development of Direct-Problem Based Learning Model to Enhance Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Skills in Biology Learning at Cita Hati Christian School Surabaya High School. 

ABSTRAK

Marisi, Sihombing. 2024 Pengembangan Model Direct-Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kreatif Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Biologi Di SMA Cita Hati Christian School Surabaya. Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan, Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (1) Prof. Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Pd, dan (2) Dr. Andi Mariono, M.Pd

Kata-kata kunci: Model direct problem based learning, berpikir kritis, berpikir kreatif, siswa.

Pengembangan di sektor pendidikan merupakan salah satu langkah strategis dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing bangsa di tataran global. Dengan meningkatkannya kualitas pendidikan suatu bangsa, sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang memiliki kompetensi di berbagai bidang akan terbentuk. Tujuannya, kelak akan menjadi tumpuan dan harapan bangsa dalam menghadapi tantangan yang selalu berubah sesuai dengan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.

Dalam perspektif teknologi pendidikan. peningkatan kualitas dimulai dengan perbaikan pembelajaran. Kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif merupakan kompetensi yang diharapkan akan terjadi pada setiap siswa di abad ke-21.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan:  (1) model direct-problem based learning yang layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran Biologi tentang Conservation and Biodiversity, (2) model direct-problem based learning yang efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan (3) model direct-problem based learning yang efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif.

Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Dick & Carey dengan Subjek uji coba penelitian siswa SMA Cita Hati Christian School sebanyak 30 orang. Desain uji coba melibatkan ahli desain, ahli materi dan ahli media. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes dan non tes (kuesioner). Keefektifan model diuji melalui uji coba lapangan dengan menggunakan desain penelitian One group Pretest-Posttest.

Hasil penelitian menghasilkan: (1) Model direct problem based learning memiliki kelayakan, (2) model direct-problem based learning efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan (3) model direct-problem based learning  efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif.

Kebaharuan penelitian ini meliputi kombinasi model unik yang menggabungkan pengajaran langsung dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam konteks biologi, yang jarang diterapkan, serta fokus ganda pada peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kreatif secara bersamaan, berbeda dari model pembelajaran lain yang biasanya memisahkan kedua keterampilan ini.

ABSTRACT

Marisi, Sihombing. 2024. Development of Direct-Problem Based Learning Model to Enhance Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Skills in Biology Learning at Cita Hati Christian School Surabaya High School. Educational Technology Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Advisors: (1) Prof. Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Pd, and (2) Dr. Andi Mariono, M.Pd.

Keywords: Direct problem-based learning model, critical thinking, creative thinking, students.

Development in the education sector is one of the strategic steps in enhancing the nation's competitiveness globally. By improving the quality of education of a nation, human resources) with competencies in various fields will be formed. The goal is that they will become the backbone and hope of the nation in facing challenges that are constantly changing according to the development of science and technology. From the perspective of educational technology, improving quality starts with improving learning. Critical and creative thinking abilities are competencies expected to occur in every student in the 21st century.

This research aims to produce: (1) a direct-problem based learning model suitable for use in the Biology learning process on Conservation and Biodiversity, (2) a direct-problem based learning model effectively used in the learning process to enhance critical thinking skills, and (3) a direct-problem based learning model effectively used in the learning process to enhance creative thinking skills.

This research uses the Dick & Carey development model with 30 high school students from Cita Hati Christian School as research subjects. The trial design involves instructional design experts, subject matter experts, and media experts. Research instruments use tests and non-tests (questionnaires). The effectiveness of the model is tested through field trials using one group Pretest-Posttest.

The results of the development research are: (1) The direct problem-based learning model is feasible, (2) the direct-problem based learning model is effective in the learning process to enhance critical thinking skills, and (3) the direct-problem based learning model is effective in the learning process to enhance creative thinking skill.

The novelty of this research includes a unique model combination that integrates direct instruction with problem-based learning in the context of biology, which is rarely implemented. Additionally, it has a dual focus on enhancing both critical and creative thinking skills simultaneously, unlike other learning models that typically address these skills separately.