PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD FISIKA TERINTEGRASI  KEARIFAN LOKAL BATIK MAJAPAHIT DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING  UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK

DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICS E-LKPD INTEGRATED WITH THE LOCAL WISDOM OF MAJAPAHIT BATIK USING THE DISCOVERY LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

Rendahnya keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi Suhu dan Kalor tercermin dari data TKA Fisika 2025 (rata-rata nasional 37,65; 53,2% kategori rendah) serta asesmen awal di SMAN 1 Gondang Mojokerto yang tidak menunjukkan satu pun peserta didik berkategori tinggi. Potensi kearifan lokal Batik Majapahit sebagai konteks pembelajaran fisika autentik juga belum dimanfaatkan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan E-LKPD Fisika berbasis kearifan lokal Batik Majapahit dengan model Discovery Learning yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik SMA pada materi Suhu dan Kalor. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development dengan model ADDIE. Uji coba dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Gondang Mojokerto menggunakan desain one group Pre-test Post-test pada kelas XI-3 (eksperimen) dan XI-5 (replika), masing-masing 30 peserta didik. Instrumen meliputi lembar validasi ahli, lembar observasi, soal Pre-test-Post-test berbasis indikator berpikir kritis Facione (interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, inferensi, eksplanasi), serta angket respon peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan E-LKPD sangat valid (rata-rata PoA 94%), sangat praktis (keterlaksanaan pembelajaran 91,87%; respon peserta didik 94,1%), serta efektif meningkatkan berpikir kritis, ditunjukkan peningkatan nilai Pre-test (37,97 dan 37,20) menjadi Post-test (81,37 dan 81,62) dengan rata-rata N-gain 0,69 dan 0,70 berkategori sedang. Uji-t berpasangan menghasilkan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, membuktikan perbedaan signifikan antara Pre-test dan Post-test. E-LKPD Fisika berbasis kearifan lokal Batik Majapahit dengan model Discovery Learning dinyatakan layak sebagai media pembelajaran fisika materi Suhu dan Kalor di tingkat SMA.

Kata Kunci: E-LKPD, Discovery Learning, Kearifan Lokal, Batik Majapahit, Berpikir Kritis, Suhu dan Kalor

Students' low critical thinking skills in Heat and Temperature are reflected in the 2025 Physics National Assessment (national average 37.65; 53.2% in the low category) and a preliminary assessment at SMAN 1 Gondang Mojokerto showing no students in the high category. The potential of Majapahit Batik local wisdom as an authentic physics learning context has also not been optimally utilized. This study aims to develop a Physics E-Worksheet (E-LKPD) based on Majapahit Batik local wisdom using the Discovery Learning model that is valid, practical, and effective in improving senior high school students' critical thinking skills on Heat and Temperature. The study employed a Research and Development method using the ADDIE model. The trial was conducted at SMAN 1 Gondang Mojokerto using a one-group Pre-test Post-test design in classes XI-3 (experimental) and XI-5 (replication), each with 30 students. Instruments included expert validation sheets, observation sheets, Pre-test-Post-test items based on Facione's critical thinking indicators (interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation), and student response questionnaires. Results showed the E-LKPD was highly valid (average PoA 94%), highly practical (learning implementation 91.87%; student response 94.1%), and effective in improving critical thinking, indicated by score increases from Pre-test (37.97 and 37.20) to Post-test (81.37 and 81.62) with average N-gain of 0.69 and 0.70 (medium category). The paired t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, confirming a significant difference between Pre-test and Post-test scores. The Physics E-LKPD based on Majapahit Batik local wisdom with the Discovery Learning model is declared suitable as a physics learning medium on Heat and Temperature at the senior high school level.

Keywords: E-LKPD, Discovery Learning, Local Wisdom, Majapahit Batik, Critical Thinking, Heat and Temperature