PERBEDAAN ASUPAN ENERGI DAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO, POLA ASUH PEMBERIAN MAKAN, DAN RIWAYAT PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA BALITA WASTING DAN NON-WASTING DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOTOPO WETAN SURABAYA

The Difference between Energy and Macronutrient Intake, Feeding Patterns, and Excluive Breastfeeding History On Wasting and Non-Wasting Toddlers in the Sidotopo Wetan Health Center Working Area

Wasting berdampak buruk pada kesehatan, mengancam keberlangsungan hidup, dan mengancam potensi anak. Faktor bidang gizi seperti asupan energi dan zat gizi makro, pola asuh pemberian makan, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif perlu dimaksimalkan untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan asupan energi dan zat gizi makro, pola asuh pemberian makan, dan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif pada balita wasting dan non-wasting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidotopo Wetan Surabaya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan studi case control. Total sampel 88 balita berusia 7-60 bulan, terdiri dari 44 balita wasting diambil dengan teknik total sampling dan 44 balita non-wasting diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dan matching usia dan jenis kelamin. Asupan energi dan zat gizi makro diperoleh dengan kuisioner food recall 3x24 jam, pola asuh pemberian makan diperoleh dari pengisian kisioner FPSQ (Feedding Practices and Structure Questionnaire) dan FPSQ-M (Milk Version), riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan kuisioner, data berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital, dan dan tinggi badan menggunakan mikrotoa. Anaslisis data menggunakan uji independent t-test dan Mann Whitney.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada asupan energi (p=0,000), karbohidrat (p=0,023), protein (p=0,000), lemak (p=0,000), dan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=0,003) serta tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada pola asuh pemberian makan (p=0,632) antara balita wasting dan non-wasting. Orang tua diharapkan memperhatikan asupan makan dan memberikan ASI eksklusif.

Wasting adversely affects health, threatens survival, and threatens children's potential. Nutrition factors such as energy and macronutrient intake, feeding patterns, and exclusive breastfeeding need to be maximized to improve the nutritional status of toddlers. This study aims to determine the differences in energy and macronutrient intake, feeding patterns, and exclusive breastfeeding history in the wasting and non-wasting toddler in the Sidotopo Wetan Surabaya Health Center working area.

This study used a case control study. The total sample was 88 toddlers aged 7-60 months, consisting of 44 wasting toddlers taken with total sampling technique and 44 non-wasting toddlers taken with purposive sampling technique and age and gender matching. Energy intake and macronutrients were obtained by 3x24 hour food recall questionnaires, feeding parenting patterns obtained from filling out FPSQ (Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire) and FPSQ-M (Milk Version) questionnaires, exclusive breastfeeding history obtained through interviews with questionnaires, weight data using digital scales, and height using microtoa. Data analysis used independent t-test and Mann Whitney test.

The results showed that there were significant differences in energy intake (p=0.000), carbohydrate (p=0.023), protein (p=0.000), fat (p=0.000), exclusive breastfeeding history (p=0.003) and there was no significant difference in feeding patterns (p=0.632) with wasting and non-wasting nutritional status. Parents are expected to pay attention to food intake and provide exclusive breastfeeding.