PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP RISIKO BENCANA BANJIR DI DESA SUMBERGONDO KECAMATAN BUMIAJI (STUDI KASUS HUTAN PRODUKSI MENJADI LAHAN HORTIKULTURA)
COMMUNITY PERCEPTION OF FLOOD DISASTER RISK IN SUMBERGONDO VILLAGE, BUMIAJI DISTRICT (CASE STUDY OF PRODUCTION FOREST INTO HORTICULTURE LAND)
Hutan produksi di Indonesia memiliki peran penting dalam penyediaan sumber ekonomi dan menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Di Desa Sumbergondo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu, alih fungsi lahan hutan produksi menjadi lahan hortikultura menimbulkan tantangan baru terkait risiko banjir akibat berkurangnya daerah resapan dan drainase yang kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap risiko banjir, peran pengelola hutan (Perhutani), dan upaya konservasi untuk memitigasi dampak ekologis.
Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumen. Partisipan melibatkan 28 informan, termasuk petani, masyarakat Desa Sumbergondo, dan pengelola hutan (Perhutani). Analisis data mengacu model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana melalui tahap kondensasi, tampilan data, dan verifikasi kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir 60% penduduk Desa Sumbergondo menggantungkan hidupnya pada aktivitas pertanian di kawasan hutan. Adanya alih fungsi lahan sebesar 31,31 hektar pada 2023 – 2024 dianggap sebagai peluang ekonomi. Namun kurangnya kesadaran dalam menjaga fungsi secara ekologi dapat meningkatkan risiko banjir. Masyarakat mempersepsikan bahwa bencana banjir cenderung dikaitkan dengan faktor alam dan persepsi akan risiko bencana banjir relatif rendah karena masyarakat masyarakat yang jarang mengalami dampak serius dari banjir dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Perhutani, LMDH, dan pemerintah desa berkolaborasi dalam mitigasi melalui penguatan infrastruktur, sosialisasi, serta penegakan hukum. Upaya konservasi meliputi agroforestri berbasis pohon berkayu keras, pendataan penggarap lahan, dan integrasi kebijakan partisipatif.
Kata Kunci: Hutan produksi, alih fungsi lahan, risiko banjir, konservasi, persepsi masyarakat
Production forests in Indonesia play an important role in providing economic resources and maintaining ecosystem balance. In Sumbergondo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, the conversion of production forest land into horticultural land poses new challenges related to flood risk due to reduced infiltration areas and less than optimal drainage. This study aims to analyze community perceptions of flood risk, the role of forest managers (Perhutani), and conservation efforts to mitigate ecological impacts.
This research method is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), field observations, and document studies. Participants involved 28 informants, including farmers, the Sumbergondo Village community, and Perhutani. Data analysis refers to the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana models through the stages of condensation, data display, and conclusion verification.
The results of the study show that almost 60% of the population of Sumbergondo Village depend on agricultural activities in forest areas for their livelihoods. The conversion of 31.31 hectares of land in 2023-2024 is considered an economic opportunity. However, lack of awareness in maintaining ecological functions can increase the risk of flooding. The community perceives that flood disasters tend to be associated with natural factors and the perception of flood disaster risk is relatively low because the community has rarely experienced serious impacts from flooding in recent years. Perhutani, LMDH, and the village government collaborate in mitigation through strengthening infrastructure, socialization, and law enforcement. Conservation efforts include hardwood-based agroforestry, land use data collection, and participatory policy integration.
Keywords: Production forests, land conversion, flood risk, conservation, community perception