PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SCAFFOLDING ADAPTIF BERBASIS GOOGLE WORKSPACE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA PECAHAN DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SD

DEVELOPMENT OF A GOOGLE WORKSPACE-BASED ADAPTIVE SCAFFOLDING APPLICATION TO IMPROVE FRACTION WORD PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITY AND LEARNING MOTIVATION OF FIFTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Kesulitan siswa dalam soal cerita pecahan dan rendahnya motivasi belajar memerlukan solusi pembelajaran yang adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji kevalidan, kepraktisan, serta keefektifan Aplikasi Scaffolding Adaptif berbasis Google Workspace (menggunakan Google Apps Script, HTML, dan Spreadsheet). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE dan desain eksperimen semu Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Nganti III (kelompok eksperimen, N=12) dan SD Negeri Kalirejo I (kelompok kontrol, n=12). Hasil validasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi masing-masing memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,4 dan 4,5 (kategori sangat valid). Uji kepraktisan oleh guru sebesar 96% (sangat praktis) dan oleh siswa 74% (praktis). Hasil uji keefektifan menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan kognitif yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen dengan N-Gain 0,35 (sedang), sementara kelompok kontrol 0,06 (rendah). Uji statistik independent sample t-test mengonfirmasi perbedaan signifikan (p=0,007) dengan effect size besar (d=1,21). Peningkatan motivasi belajar kelompok eksperimen lebih besar meskipun belum signifikan secara statistik. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah aplikasi yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita pecahan. Disarankan untuk penelitian lanjutan dengan sampel lebih luas, durasi lebih panjang, dan penguatan elemen motivasi dalam aplikasi.

Kata kunci: Scaffolding adaptif, Google Workspace, soal cerita pecahan, motivasi belajar, sekolah dasar.

Students' difficulties in fraction word problems and low learning motivation require adaptive learning solutions. This study aims to develop and test the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of a Google Workspace-based Adaptive Scaffolding Application (using Google Apps Script, HTML, and Spreadsheet). This research used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model and a quasi-experimental Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The subjects were fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Nganti III (experimental group, N=12) and SD Negeri Kalirejo I (control group, n=12). Validation results by media and material experts obtained average scores of 4.4 and 4.5, respectively (very valid category). Practicality tests by teachers yielded 96% (very practical) and by students 74% (practical). Effectiveness test results showed a significant increase in cognitive ability in the experimental group with an N-Gain of 0.35 (moderate), while the control group was 0.06 (low). Statistical analysis with an independent sample t-test confirmed a significant difference (p=0.007) with a large effect size (d=1.21). The increase in learning motivation was greater in the experimental group, although not statistically significant. It is concluded that the developed application is valid, practical, and effective in improving fraction word problem-solving ability. Recommendations are made for further research with a larger sample, longer duration, and strengthening motivational elements in the application.

Keywords: Adaptive scaffolding, Google Workspace, fraction word problems, learning motivation, elementary school.