MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH PADA MATA PELAJARAN SENI BUDAYA MATERI SENI VOKAL KELAS 9F DI SMPN 3 KUTOREJO

PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL IN ARTS AND CULTURE SUBJECTS VOCAL ARTS MATERIAL FOR GRADE 9F AT SMPN 3 KUTOREJO

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (Problem Based Learning) pada mata pelajaran Seni Budaya materi seni vokal di kelas 9F SMPN 3 Kutorejo. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada proses penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, ketercapaian hasil belajar siswa dalam ranah kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik, serta kendala yang dihadapi selama proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 9F dan guru mata pelajaran seni budaya. Objek penelitian berupa pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam konteks pembelajaran seni vokal. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, serta studi literatur. Data dianalisis dengan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, serta diuji validitasnya melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis masalah mampu meningkatkan keaktifan, kreativitas, serta pemahaman siswa dalam teknik vokal, khususnya pada aspek pernapasan, artikulasi, dan ekspresi. Siswa terlibat aktif dalam mengidentifikasi masalah vokal, merumuskan solusi, dan menerapkannya dalam bentuk latihan maupun penampilan vokal kelompok. Hasil belajar menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan di ketiga ranah pembelajaran: ranah kognitif (penerapan konsep teknik vokal), afektif (tanggung jawab, kerja sama, dan empati), serta psikomotorik (penguasaan artikulasi, kontrol napas, dan ekspresi vokal). Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini juga menemukan beberapa kendala yang dihadapi guru dan siswa, seperti rendahnya minat sebagian siswa terhadap seni vokal, keterbatasan pengawasan kelompok, kurangnya rasa percaya diri, serta kesulitan dalam teknik dasar bernyanyi. Sebagai solusi, guru melakukan pendekatan pembelajaran di luar kelas dan memberi bimbingan intensif secara individual maupun kelompok.

Dengan demikian, penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam mata pelajaran seni budaya materi seni vokal terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep, keterampilan teknis, dan nilai-nilai karakter siswa. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi guru seni budaya dalam merancang pembelajaran yang lebih kontekstual, kolaboratif, dan menyenangkan. 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) in the Arts and Culture subject, specifically vocal arts, in grade 9F of SMPN 3 Kutorejo. The focus of the study was directed at the process of implementing the PBL model, the achievement of student learning outcomes in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains, and the obstacles encountered during the learning process. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The subjects were grade 9F students and the PBL teacher. The object of the study was the implementation of PBL in the context of vocal arts learning. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. Their validity was tested through triangulation of sources and techniques.

The results showed that the PBL model was able to increase students' activeness, creativity, and understanding of vocal technique, particularly in aspects of breathing, articulation, and expression. Students were actively involved in identifying vocal problems, formulating solutions, and implementing them in practice and group vocal performances. Learning outcomes showed significant improvements in all three learning domains: cognitive (application of vocal technique concepts), affective (responsibility, cooperation, and empathy), and psychomotor (mastery of articulation, breath control, and vocal expression). However, this study also identified several challenges faced by teachers and students, such as low interest in vocal arts among some students, limited group supervision, lack of self-confidence, and difficulty with basic singing techniques. As a solution, teachers implemented an out-of-class learning approach and provided intensive individual and group guidance.

Thus, the application of a problem-based learning model in the vocal arts subject proved effective in improving students' conceptual understanding, technical skills, and character values. This research is expected to serve as a reference for arts and culture teachers in designing more contextual, collaborative, and enjoyable learning.