DUNIA KEMUNGKINAN DALAM FIKSI KARYA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA (KAJIAN NARATOARKEOLOGI)

THE WORLD OF POSSIBILITIES IN FICTION BY SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA (NARATOARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY)

Kata Kunci: dunia kemungkinan, Seno Gumira Ajidarma, fiksi, naratoarkeologi

Tujuan penelitian menemukan dunia kemungkinan dalam fiksi Seno Gumira Ajidarma, yang meliputi 1) modalitas naratif, 2) logika naratif, dan 3) pergeseran naratif. Jenis penelitian kualitatif-eksploratif dengan pendekatan struktural-arkeologis. Sumber data, fiksi Saksi Mata (2016), Jazz, Parfum, dan Insiden (2017), Dunia Sukab (2017), dan Kalatidha (2019). Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka, dianalisis menggunakan hermeneutika objektif dengan prosedur analisis berangkai dan terinci. Hasil, ditemukan 1) dua modalitas naratif, yaitu modalitas wajib, terdiri dari modalitas wajib dunia nyata dan modalitas wajib dunia fantasi dan modalitas opsional. Modalitas wajib dunia nyata sebagai pengembangan realistis karakter, setting dan plot dengan sosial-politik bangsa Indonesia dan modalitas dunia fantasi sebagai pengembangan karakter agar memunculkan kesan fiktif. Modalitas opsional difungsikan sebagai cara meningkatkan pengalaman naratif lebih mendalam. 2) dua logika naratif, yaitu logika naratif hukum alam dan logika naratif sistem sosial. Logika naratif hukum alam dan logika naratif sistem sosial menjadi rangkaian struktur dan aturan elemen-elemen cerita disusun menjadi plot koheren dan bermakna. 3) dua pergeseran naratif, yaitu pergeseran naratif berganda dan pergeseran naratif epistolary. Kombinasi sarana fiksi dan laporan berita melalui pergeseran naratif sebagai pilihan bernarasi agar dapat memunculkan kesan faktual. Temuan teoretis, yaitu 1) modalitas naratif merupakan struktur dasar dunia kemungkinan yang berlandaskan sosial-politik, 2) logika naratif merupakan struktur penjalin pengetahuan sosial-politik, dan 3) pergeseran naratif melegitimasi pengetahuan faktual sosial-politik. Seno Gumira Ajidarma melalui dunia kemungkinan dalam fiksinya menghasilkan karya fiksi jurnalistik sebagai alternatif media menyampaikan berita sensitif dan terbungkam.

Keywords: possible worlds, Seno Gumira Ajidarma, fiction, naratoarchaeology

The research objective is to find a world of possibilities in Seno Gumira Ajidarma's fiction, which includes 1) narrative modality, 2) narrative logic, and 3) narrative shifts. Type of qualitative-exploratory research with a structural-archaeological approach. Data sources, Eyewitness fiction (2016), Jazz, Perfume, and Incidents (2017), Sukab World (2017), and Kalatidha (2019). Data was collected through literature study, analyzed using objective hermeneutics with sequential and detailed analysis procedures. As a result, it was found 1) two narrative modalities, namely mandatory modality, consisting of real world mandatory modality and fantasy world mandatory modality and optional modality. The mandatory real world modality is to develop realistic characters, settings and plots with the socio-politics of the Indonesian nation and the fantasy world modality is to develop characters to create a fictional impression. Optional modalities function as a way to enhance the narrative experience more deeply. 2) two narrative logics, namely the narrative logic of natural law and the narrative logic of social systems. The narrative logic of natural law and the narrative logic of social systems become a series of structures and rules where story elements are arranged into a coherent and meaningful plot. 3) two narrative shifts, namely the multiple narrative shift and the epistolary narrative shift. The combination of fiction and news reports through narrative shifts as a narrative choice in order to create a factual impression. Theoretical findings, namely 1) narrative modality as the basic structure of a world of possibilities based on socio-politics, 2) narrative logic as a structure that intertwines socio-political knowledge, and 3) narrative shifts legitimize socio-political factual knowledge. Seno Gumira Ajidarma, through the world of possibilities in his fiction, produces works of journalistic fiction as an alternative medium for conveying sensitive and silenced news.