MODEL LATIHAN DAYA TAHAN PADA SEPAKBOLA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

ENDURANCE TRAINING MODEL IN FOOTBALL: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Sepakbola merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga dengan energi predominan aerobik. Pemain sepakbola dituntut memiliki daya tahan yang bagus untuk mempertahankan performanya selama pertandingan dan mencegah terjadinya cedera. Karakteristik latihan daya tahan pada sepakbola diutamakan dan didahulukan untuk diperkuat pada kondisi aerobik, kemudian ditambah dengan kondisi anaerobik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis model latihan daya tahan pada sepakbola yang telah dibuktikan pada penelitian terdahulu. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik analisa gambaran pelatihan secara umum, kelebihan, dan kelemahan dari masing-masing model pelatihan. Total 15 jurnal nasional dan 5 jurnal internasional dipilih berasal dari laman google scholar, science direct, z-library, dan research gate menggunakan kata kunci latihan daya tahan pada sepakbola atau endurance training in soccer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kapasitas daya tahan pemain sepakbola dapat diberikan melalui intervensi latihan dengan menggunakan metode durasi waktu yang panjang dengan intensitas rendah atau durasi waktu pendek intensitas tinggi dalam satu rangkaian gerakan atau hanya berfokus satu gerakan. Model latihan yang dapat digunakan berupa continous running, interval training, circuit training, fartlek, dan small sided games. Model latihan yang dipilih didasarkan pada kebutuhan karakteristik pemain yang bersifat individual dengan mengakomodir kebutuhan permintaan pertandingan yang akan dijalani. Rekomendasi metode latihan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas daya tahan pada pemain sepakbola dapat dilakukan melalui metode latihan interval training.

Football is a sport with predominantly aerobic energy. Football players are required to have good endurance to maintain their performance during matches and prevent injuries. The characteristics of endurance training in soccer are prioritized and prioritized to be strengthened in aerobic conditions, then added to anaerobic conditions. This study aims to analyze the model of endurance training in soccer that has been proven in previous studies. The research method uses a descriptive method with a general training description analysis technique, the advantages and disadvantages of each training model. A total of 15 national journals and 5 international journals were selected from the Google Scholar, Science Direct, Z-Library, and Research Gate pages using the keywords endurance training in soccer or endurance training in soccer. The results showed that an increase in the endurance kapasitase of soccer players can be provided through training interventions using the method of long duration of time with low intensity or short duration of high intensity in a series of movements or only focusing on one movement. The training models that can be used are continuous running, interval training, circuit training, fartlek, and small sided games. The training model chosen is based on the needs of individual athlete characteristics by accommodating the demands of the competition that will be undertaken. Recommendations for training methods to increase endurance capacity in football players can be done through the interval training method.