PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR, KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS, DAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA

THE INFLUENCE OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL ON LEARNING ACTIVITY, MATHEMATICAL CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY, AND MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY

Penelitian dilatarbelakangi karena adanya kesenjangan antara kondisi siswa di sekolah dan implementasi kurikulum dengan keterampilan 4C (creative and problem solving, critical thinking, communicative, and collaborative), dimana keaktifan belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa rendah. Salah satu kebiasaan dan merupakan faktor penyebabnya adalah proses pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada guru dan hanya memberikan pengetahuan konseptual untuk siswa. Sehingga pembelajaran yang terjadi kurang memberikan ruang gerak aktif dan pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis dan pemecahan masalah matematika. Berdasarkan alasan tersebut, maka hal yang dapat dilakukan adalah memperbaiki proses pembelajaran dengan cara menerapkan model pembelajaran lain yaitu problem based learning agar tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh model problem based learning terhadap keaktifan belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen dan metode pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, angket, dan tes. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMA N 1 Ponorogo kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan XI IPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui pemberian angket yang berupa sejumlah pernyataan dan soal tes. Data-data yang didapat selanjutnya dianalisis untuk menguji hipotesis dengan menggunakan independent samples test.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) adanya pengaruh model problem based learning terhadap keaktifan belajar dengan nilai signifikan 0,009, karena  maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, (2) adanya pengaruh model problem based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis dengan nilai signifikan 0,049, karena  maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, dan (3) adanya pengaruh model problem based learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dengan nilai signifikan 0,001, karena  maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.

           Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model problem based learning berpengaruh positif terhadap keaktifan belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika.

The background of this research is because of students' conditions at school and curriculum implementation with 4C skills, where learning activity, mathematical critical thinking ability, and students' mathematical problem solving ability are low. One of the habits and a contributing factor is the teacher-oriented learning process because it only provides conceptual knowledge for students. Therefore, it does not provide active space and develop the ability of mathematical critical thinking and mathematical problem solving. Based on these reasons, the thing that can be done is to improve the learning process by applying another learning model, namely problem-based learning so that learning objectives can be achieved. The aims of this research were examine the effect of the problem based learning model on learning activity, mathematical critical thinking ability, and mathematical problem solving ability. This research with a quantitative approach uses an experimental research design and data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The subjects in this research were students of XI IPA 1 as control class and XI IPA 3 as experiment class of SMA N 1 Ponorogo. The research data was obtained through the provision of a questionnaire in the form of a number of statements and test questions. The data obtained were then analyzed to the hypothesis test by using two independent samples test.

The results of this research indicate that: (1) there is an effect of problem based learning model on learning activity with a significant value of 0.009, because 0.009 <0.05 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, (2) there is an effect of problem based learning model on mathematical critical thinking skills. with a significant value of 0.049, because 0.049 <0.05 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, and (3) there is an effect of problem based learning model on mathematical problem solving ability with a significant value of 0.001, because 0.001 <0.05 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted.

            Therefore, it can be concluded that the problem based learning model has a positive effect on learning activity, mathematical critical thinking skills, and mathematical problem solving abilities.