PENERAPAN TEKNIK PEWARNAAN COLET GRADASI UNTUK BERKARYA BATIK LUKIS OLEH SISWA KELAS XI MAN SAMPANG

APPLICATION OF THE GRADATION DABBING COLORING TECHNIQUE FOR PAINTED BATIK WORK BY CLASS XI STUDENTS OF MAN SAMPANG

Pembelajaran seni budaya di kelas XI berisi materi tentang berkarya seni rupa dua dimensi. Dalam praktik berkarya guru seni budaya mengajari teknik pewarnaan gradasi pada karya lukisan di media kertas, namun belum pernah diterapkan pada karya batik lukis. Dalam hal ini, guru harus mampu mengembangkan praktik berkarya seni rupa dua dimensi pada media yang bervariasi. Siswa perlu dilatih untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berkarya seni salah satunya dengan berkarya batik lukis pada media kain menggunakan teknik pewarnaan colet gradasi untuk memberikan pengalaman baru dan daya tarik siswa dalam menuangkan kreativitasnya, serta dapat melestarikan warisan budaya Indonesia.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran teknik pewarnaan colet gradasi untuk berkarya batik lukis yang dilaksanakan oleh siswa kelas XI MAN Sampang; (2) mendeskripsikan hasil karya teknik pewarnaan colet gradasi pada karya batik lukis oleh siswa kelas XI MAN Sampang; (3) mendeskripsikan tanggapan guru dan siswa terhadap kegiatan penerapan teknik pewarnaan colet gradasi untuk berkarya batik lukis yang dilaksanakan oleh siswa kelas XI MAN Sampang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. 

Pengumpulan data melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, angket, dan hasil karya batik lukis dengan menerapkan pewarnaan colet gradasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi data.

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama delapan kali pertemuan di kelas XI– 4 dengan jumlah 17 siswa. Pertemuan pertama, memaparkan materi batik lukis, memberikan contoh karya batik lukis, pembagian kelompok, dan pembuatan sketsa gambar. Pertemuan kedua, konsultasi sketsa gambar dan pemindahan sketsa gambar pada kain. Pertemuan ketiga, proses pencantingan. Pertemuan keempat, melanjutkan proses pencantingan dan proses pemberian warna gradasi pada batik lukis. Pertemuan kelima, melanjutkan proses pewarnaan colet gradasi. Pertemuan keenam, penguncian warna menggunakan waterglass. Pertemuan ketujuh, proses pelorodan kemudian kain dicuci bersih, dan dijemur. Pertemuan kedelapan, siswa melakukan presentasi kelompok, pengisian angket, dan foto bersama.

Hasil karya penerapan teknik pewarnaan colet gradasi pada karya batik lukis sebanyak 9 karya yang terdiri dari sarung bantal sofa sebanyak 5 buah, taplak meja ukuran 100 cm x 50 cm, taplak meja ukuran 100 cm x 100 cm, hiasan dinding ukuran 100 cm x 50 cm, dan hiasan dinding ukuran 100 cm x 100 cm. Terdapat tiga kelompok yang memperoleh nilai kategori sangat baik dengan rentang nilai 91–100 dan dua kelompok memperoleh nilai berkategori baik dengan rentang nilai 81–90. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu mempraktikkan dan kreatif dalam berkarya dilihat dari hasil karya yang memuaskan. Kegiatan penelitian mendapat tanggapan yang positif dari guru seni budaya dan siswa kelas XI – 4 yang selalu semangat pada saat kegiatan penelitian berlangsung dari awal sampai akhir.

Kata Kunci: gradasi, batik lukis, MAN Sampang

Arts and culture learning in class XI contains material about creating two-dimensional fine arts. In creative work practice, arts and culture teachers teach gradation coloring techniques for paintings on paper, but this has never been applied to painted batik works. In this case, teachers must be able to develop the practice of creating two-dimensional art in various media. Students need to be trained to improve their artistic creation skills, one of which is by creating painted batik on cloth media using the gradation dabbing coloring technique to provide new experiences and attract students to express their creativity, as well as preserving Indonesia's cultural heritage.

The objectives of this research are (1) describes the implementation of the learning process for gradation dabbing coloring technique for creating painted batik which was carried out by class XI students at MAN Sampang; (2) describe the results of the gradation dabbing coloring technique in painted batik works by class XI students at MAN Sampang; (3) describe the responses of teachers and students to the activity of applying the gradation dabbing coloring technique to create batik paintings carried out by class XI students at MAN Sampang.

This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected through observation techniques, interviews, documentation. questionnaires, and the results of painted batik work using gradation dabbing coloring. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity uses data triangulation.

This research was carried out in classes XI–4 with a total of 17 students during eight meetings. The first meeting explained the material on painted batik, provided examples of painted batik work, divided into groups, and made sketches of images. The second meeting, consultation on drawing sketches and transferring the drawing sketches to the fabric. The third meeting, the casting process. The fourth meeting continued the process of painting and the process of giving gradation colors to painted batik. The fifth meeting, continuing the gradation dabbing coloring process. Sixth meeting, color locking using waterglass. The seventh meeting, the peloro process and then the cloth is washed clean and dried in the sun. In the eighth meeting, students made group presentations, filled out questionnaires, and took group photos.

The results of the work of applying the gradation dabbing coloring technique to 9 painted batik works consisting of 5 sofa cushion covers, a tablecloth measuring 100 cm x 50 cm, a tablecloth measuring 100 cm x 100 cm, a wall decoration measuring 100 cm x 50 cm, and wall decoration measuring 100 cm x 100 cm. There were three groups that received excellent category scores with a score range of 91 – 100 and two groups received good category scores with a score range of 81 – 90. This shows that students are able to practice and be creative in their work as seen from their satisfactory work results. The research activity received a positive response from arts and culture teachers and students in grades XI – 4 who were always enthusiastic during the research activity from start to finish.

Keywords: gradation, painted batik, MAN Sampang