Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning Terintegrasi Etnosains Materi Zat Makanan Untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik SMA

Development of E-Worksheet Based on Problem-Based Learning Integrated with Ethnoscience on Nutrients to Train Critical Thinking Skills of High School Students 

ABSTRAK

Rufi’ah. 2023. Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning Terintegrasi Etnosains Untuk  melatihkan   Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Materi Zat Makanan SMA. Tesis, Program S2 Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

Pembimbing: (I) Dr. Raharjo, M.Si. dan (II) Dr. Nur Ducha, M.Si.

Kata Kunci: keterampilan berpikir kritis, problem based learning, etnosains, e-lkpd, zat makanan

Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang sangat penting untuk menghadapi tuntutan kehidupan di Era Society 5.0. Keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik di Indonesia masih  rendah, hal ini disebabkan karena terbatasnya bahan ajar yang melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Pengembangan bahan ajar berupa E-LKPD berbasis PBL dan terintegrasi etnosains diperlukan untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan E-LKPD berbasis PBL terintegrasi etnosains yang layak dalam hal validitas, kepraktisan dan efektivitas untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Keterampilan berpikir kritis tercermin pada setiap sintaks model PBL dalam bentuk fitur-fitur. Prosedur pengembangan E-LKPD menggunakan model 4D terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa lembar validasi, lembar observasi, tes keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan lembar angket. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan metode validasi, observasi, tes, dan angket respon peserta didik. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Ujicoba penerapan  E-LKPD dan perangkat pembelajaran dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 16 Surabaya pada kelas XI-6 dengan rancangan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)     E-LKPD yang dikembangkan mencapai validitas  dengan rata-rata skor V Aiken sebesar 0,98 dengan reliabilitas 99%, (2) keterlaksanaan pembelajaran mencapai rata-rata 3,80 dengan kategori tinggi, (3) aktivitas peserta didik mencapai rata-rata 3,8 dengan kategori sangat baik, (4) hasil tes keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik mencapai ketuntasan sebesar 91,18% dan peningkatan N-Gain mendapatkan skor 0,78 dengan kriteria tinggi dan kelima indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis berhasil tercapai dengan peningkatan rata-rata skor sebesar N-Gain 0,80 berkriteria tinggi. (5) respon positif peserta didik terhadap penggunaan E-LKPD sebesar 92,05%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan  bahwa E-LKPD yang dikembangkan layak digunakan untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.

ABSTRACT

Rufi’ah, 2023. "Development of E-Worksheet Based on Problem-Based Learning Integrated with Ethnoscience to Train Critical Thinking Skills of High School Students on Nutrients." Thesis, Master of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya State University. 

Advisor: (I) Dr. Raharjo, M.Si. and (II) Dr. Nur Ducha, M.Si.

Keywords: critical thinking skills, problem based learning, ethnoscience,                  e-worksheet, nutrients

Critical thinking skills are essential competencies required in the Society 5.0 era. However, the limited teaching materials available for students in Indonesia have resulted in relatively low levels of critical thinking skills. To address this issue, the development of teaching materials in the form of Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based e-worksheets integrated with ethnoscience is necessary to cultivate students' critical thinking skills. This research aimed to produce PBL-based e-worksheets that were valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills. These skills are reflected in every aspect of the PBL model, making it a crucial feature. The development procedure of the e-worksheets followed the 4D model, which consisted of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research instruments used were validation sheets, observation sheets, critical thinking skills tests, and questionnaire sheets. Data collection methods included validation, observations, tests, and student response questionnaires. The data was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The e-worksheets were implemented in class XI-6 at State High School 16 Surabaya using a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The results of the research showed that (1) the development of e-worksheets achieved high validity with an average V Aiken score of 0.98 and 99% reliability, (2) the implementation of learning achieved a high average score of 3.80, (3) the average student activity was 3.78, indicating a very good level of engagement, (4) the results of the critical thinking skills test showed that 91,18% of students achieved mastery, and the N-Gain improvement scores were 0.78, meeting high criteria, and the five indicators of critical thinking skills were successfully achieved with an increase in the average score of 0.80 N-Gain with high criteria, (5) students responded positively to the use of e-worksheets, with 92,05% reporting satisfaction. Based on that, it can be concluded that the developed E-LKPD was suitable for training critical thinking skills.