PELAKSANAAN PELATIHAN MITIGASI BENCANA DALAM MEPERSIAPKAN DIRI MENUJU TINGKAT PANDEGA DI UKM PRAMUKA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA

IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER MITIGATION TRAINING IN PREPARING TOWARDS THE PANDEGA LEVEL AT UKM Scouts, STATE UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA

Abstrak

Keterampilan yang harus dimiliki anggota Pramuka yang harus ditempuh di SKU (Syarat Kecakapan Umum) pandega yaitu memiliki keahlian di bidang  kebencanaan. Karena pada tahun 2018 hanya 10 anggota yang telah dilantik pandega dari 128 anggota Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya ada pelatihan mitigasi bencana sebagai ladang untuk mendapatkan ilmu tambahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan pelatihan mitigasi bencana termasuk cara penanganan bencana di Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya, persiapan diri dalam menuju tingkat pandega, partisipasi anggota, faktor penghambat dan pendukung serta tindak lanjut dari pelatihan mitigasi bencana sebagai upaya meningkatkan kuantitas pandega Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak tujuh orang terdiri dari satu penanggung jawab, satu pelatih, satu pemangku adat, satu ketua dewan racana, dan tiga anggota yang mengikuti pelatihan mitigasi bencana. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman wawancara, peneliti dan catatan lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Analisis data menggunakan kondensasi data, display data, verifikasi dan simpulan. Sedangkan teknik yang digunakan untuk keabsahan data kredibilitas, dependabilitas, konfirmabilitas dan tranfetabilitas. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan mitigasi bencana termasuk cara penanganan bencana berjalan dengan baik,  sesuai tahapan yang ditetapkan yakni penentuan kebutuhan pelatihan, desain program pelatihan, dan   evaluasi program pelatihan. Persiapan diri dalam menuju tingkat pandega dilakukan oleh dewan racana dan anggota pandega untuk memfasilitasi seluruh anggota Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya yang belum menyandang TKU (Tanda Kecakapan Umum) pandega pada tahun 2020 secara online. Partisipasi anggota dalam pelatihan mitigasi bencana tergolong antusias, terbukti peserta pelatihan selain bertanya, saling menanggapi juga bertukar pengalaman dengan peserta pelatihan yang lainnya. Penghambat pelatihan mitigasi bencana yakni terjadinya pandemi covid-19, terbukti sedikit anggota yang mengikuti pelatihan. Sinyal di daerah masing-masing anggota yang tidak stabil. Sudah terlalu lama tidak melakukan kegiatan secara offline yang menyebabkan motivasi anggota berkurang. Faktor pendukung dalam pelatihan ini dari pihak-pihak yang terlibat, diantaranya dewan racana, anggota pandega, anggota Pramuka Universitas Negeri Surabaya, dan Pelatih. Tindak lanjut dari pelatihan mitigasi bencana secara online yaitu peserta mampu membagikan informasi hasil pelatihan kepada orang lain, masyarakat disekitarnya. Sedangkan tindak lanjut secara offline mereka mampu terjun langsung jika terjadi bencana seperti saat ini dan beberapa sudah ikut terjun membantu masyarakat terdampak bencana serta bergabung untuk berkolaborasi dengan relawan bencana lain. Penginformasian adanya pelatihan mitigasi bencana lebih ditingkatkan lagi. Terlebih dalam kondisi pandemi seperti ini maka kemungkinan kecil untuk anggota bertatap muka. Sehingga peran media sosial dimaksimalkan.

Kata kunci : pandega, bencana, pelatihan, mitigasi

Abstracts

The skills that a Scout member must have at SKU (General Skills Requirements) Pandega are having expertise in the field of disaster. Because in 2018 only 10 members have been appointed by the pandega of 128 members of the Surabaya State University Scouts. The Scouts at the State University of Surabaya have disaster mitigation training as a field to gain additional knowledge. The purpose of this research is to examine the implementation of disaster mitigation training including how to handle disasters at the State University of Surabaya Scouting, self-preparation towards the pandega level, member participation, inhibiting and supporting factors as well as follow-up to disaster mitigation training as an effort to increase the quantity of the Scout pandega at the State University of Surabaya. In this study using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were seven people consisting of one person in charge, one trainer, one customary leader, one head of the racana board, and three members who attended disaster mitigation training. Data collection techniques used participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. This study uses interview guidelines, researchers and field notes. This research was conducted at the Pramuka State University of Surabaya. Data analysis using data condensation, data display, verification and conclusion. While the techniques used for the validity of the data are credibility, dependability, confirmability and tranfetability. The results showed that the implementation of disaster mitigation training including how to handle disasters was running well, according to the determined stages, namely determining training needs, designing training programs, and evaluating training programs. Self-preparation towards the pandega level is carried out by the racana council and pandega members to facilitate all Surabaya State University Scout members who do not yet have TKU (General Skills Mark) pandega in 2020 online. The participation of the members in the disaster mitigation training was quite enthusiastic. It was proven by the training participants that apart from asking questions, responding to each other, they also exchanged experiences with other trainees. The obstacle to disaster mitigation training, namely the covid-19 pandemic, proved that few members attended the training. The signal in each member's area is unstable. It has been too long not to carry out activities offline which have reduced members' motivation. The supporting factors in this training are from the parties involved, including the racana board, members of the pandega, members of the Surabaya State University Scout, and trainers. The follow-up to the online disaster mitigation training is that participants are able to share information on the results of the training with other people and the surrounding community. Whereas offline follow-up they are able to go directly in case of a disaster like this time and some have participated in helping the affected communities and joining to collaborate with other disaster volunteers. The information on disaster mitigation training will be further improved. Especially in a pandemic like this, it is unlikely that members will meet face to face. So that the role of social media is maximized.

          Key words: pandega, disaster, training, mitigation