Potensi Tumbuhan Gandarusa ( Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.), Kamboja Kuning (Plumeria alba), dan Daun Encok (Plumbago zeylanica) sebagai Absorben Timbal (Pb) di Udara 

Potential of Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.), Kamboja Kuning (Plumeria alba), and Daun Encok (Plumabgo zeylanica) as Lead Absorbent (Pb) in the Air

Pencemaran udara disebabkan oleh antara lain tingginya jumlah kendaraan bermotor. Tingginya jumlah kendaraan bermotor akan menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas udara bersih di perkotaan. Hasil emisi kendaraan bermotor berupa Pb. Tumbuhan J. gendarussa Burm.F., P. alba dan P. zeylanica dapat dijadikan absorben Pb di udara. Penelitian ini dengan tujuan menganalisis kadar timbal dalam tumbuhan J. gendarussa Burm.F., P. alba dan P. zeylanica yang terpapar gas buangan kendaraan pada Jalan Diponegoro, Jalan Darmo dan Jalan Dr. Ir. Soekarno dan untuk mengkaji hubungan pengaruh kadar timbal terhadap kadar klorofil pada daun Justicia gendarussa Burm.F., Plumeria alba, Plumbago zeylanica. Sasaran Penelitian ini dengan mempertimbangkan aspek umur. Pengukuran kadar Pb menggunakan metode destruksi kering diuji dengan   AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), sedangkan pengukuran kadar klorofil diuji menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan panjang  gelombang 665 nm dan 649 nm. Pengaruh kadar Pb terhadap kadar klorofil di analisis menggunakan uji korelasi spearmaan, sedangkan untuk kemampuan absorbsi Pb oleh daun di analisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tumbuhan J. gendarussa Burm.F., P. alba dan P. zeylanica berpotensi menjadi absorben Pb di udara yang memiliki kadar nilai mulai yang tinggi ke rendah yaitu P. zeylanica dengan kadar Pb 1,032 ppm; J. gendarussa Burm.F. sebanyak 0,891 ppm dan P. alba 0,748 ppm. Kadar klorofil dari nilai tinggi ke rendah yakni Daun P. alba sebanyak 1,075 mg/L; P. zeylanica sebanyak 1,030 mg/L dan J. gendarussa Burm.F.  0,964 mg/L. Kadar timbal yang diabsorbsi  pada daun J. gendarussa Burm.F., P. alba dan P. zeylanica tidak mempengaruhi kadar klorofil pada tumbuhan J. gendarussa Burm.F., P. alba dan P. zeylanica.

Kata kunci: Daun Encok (Plumbago zeylanica); Gandrusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.); dan Kamboja Kuning (Plumeria alba) ; Kadar klorofil; Timbal (Pb) 

Air pollution is caused by the high number of motor vehicles. The high number of motor vehicles would lead to decreased networking in urban areas. The result of motor vehicle emissions was the PB. Plant J. Gendarussa Burm.F., P. Alba and P. Zeylanica could be used as a PB inbs. This research was with the aim of analyzing lead levels in plant J. Gendarussa Burm.F., P. Alba and P. Zeylanica exposed to vehicle gas on the road Diponegoro, Darmo and Road Dr. IRS. Soekarno and to examine the relationship of influence of lead levels of chlorophyll levels on the leaves Justicia Gendarussa Burm.F., Plumeria Alba, Plumbago Zeylanica. This research was conducted by considering age aspects. The measurement of the PB levels using the dry destruction method was tested with AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometry), while the measurement of chlorophyll levels was tested using spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 665 nm and 649 nm. The effect of PB levels of chlorophyll content in the analysis using Speachmanage correlation test, while for the absorption of the abs plan by the leaves in the descriptive quantitative analysis. The results showed the plant of J. Gendarussa Burm.F., P. Alba and P. Zeylanica potentially becoming a absorbent PB in air that has high levels of light beam to the low P. Zeylanica with PB 1.032 PPM; J. Gendarussa Burm.F. A total of 0.891 ppm and P. Alba 0.748 ppm. Chlorophyll levels of high value to low ie the P. Alba leaves 1.075 mg / l; P. Zeylanica as much as 1.030 mg / L and J. Gendarussa Burm.F. 0.964 mg / l. Lead levels that are diaborn to the leaf J. Gendarussa Burm.F., P. Alba and P. Zeylanica does not affect chlorophyll levels in J. Gendarussa Burm.F., P. Alba and P. Zeylanica.

 Key words: Daun Encok (plumbego zeylanica); Gandarusa (Justicia Gendarussa Burm.F.); and Kamboja Kuning (Plumeria Alba); Chlorophyll levels; Lead (Pb)