PENERAPAN FINGER PAINTING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMUSATAN PERHATIAN ANAK DENGAN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)

The Application of Finger Painting in Improving Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Attention Ability

Anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) menunjukkan hambatan dalam memusatkan perhatian dan atau mempertahankan perhatian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan kegiatan finger painting terhadap peningkatan kemampuan perhatian anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen subjek tunggal atau Single Subject Research (SSR) dengan desain A-B-A. Subjek penelitian merupakan anak laki-laki dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) usia 10 tahun di SLB Tunas Mulya Surabaya. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah  analisis visual dalam kondisi dan analisis visual antar kondisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan finger painting dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemusatan perhatian anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Hal tersebut terlihat dari hasil fase baseline (A) dibandingkan dengan fase baseline (A2), yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam kemampuan pemusatan perhatian subjek setelah diberikan intervensi.

Kata Kunci: Finger painting, pemusatan perhatian, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show obstacles in focusing attention or maintaining attention. This study aimed to determine implementation of finger painting activities on increasing the attention ability of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study used a quantitative approach with a single subject of experimental research, namely Single-Subject Research (SSR), with A-B-A design. Research subjects were a 10 years old boy with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at SLB Tunas Mulya Surabaya. Data collection techniques in the form of observation. Data analysis techniques used are visual analysis of conditions and visual analysis between conditions. The results showed that the implementation of finger painting could improve the attention ability of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This can be shown from the results of the baseline phase (A) compared to the baseline phase (A2), indicating that there is an increase in the ability of the subject to concentrate after being given an intervention.

Keywords: Finger painting, attention, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)