Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu Terhadap Panjang Ulkus dan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus musculus) Diabetes

The Effect of Noni Leaf Extract on Diabetic Mice Ulcer Length and Blood Glucose Level

Diabetes melitus ditandai dengan kondisi hiperglikemia yang disebabkan oleh  gangguan sekresi insulin berkepanjangan yang memicu komplikasi dan munculnya ulkus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L) terhadap panjang ulkus dan kadar glukosa darah pada mencit diabetes. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Terdapat 6 kelompok perlakuan masing-masing dengan empat pengulangan yang terdiri atas Dos 1 (ekstrak 250 mg/kg BB), Dos 2 (ekstrak 500 mg/kg BB), Dos 3 (ekstrak 750 mg/kg BB), GLB (Glibenklamid), KP (Kontrol Positif) dan KN (Kontrol Negatif). Kondisi diabetes diciptakan melalui induksi aloksan sedangkan ulkus dibuat dengan sayatan pada bagian dorsal mencit. Kadar glukosa darah diukur pasca induksi aloksan (H0), hari ke-7 (H7) dan hari ke-14 (H14). Pengukuran ulkus dilakukan pada  hari ke-1 (H1), ke-7 (H7), dan hari ke-14 (H10). Data kadar glukosa darah dianalisis menggunakan uji Anova satu arah. Data ulkus diabetik tidak normal dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun mengkudu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar glukosa darah (P<0,05) dan panjang ulkus diabetik (P<0,05). Kelompok Dos 2 merupakan perlakuan optimal dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan panjang ulkus diabetik. Ekstrak daun mengkudu berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan sebagai zat antidiabetes dan ulkus diabetik.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by insulin secretion disorders that trigger complications and lead to ulcers. This research aimed to identify the effect of ethanolic extract of noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L) on ulcer lengths and blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. This was an experimental study with complete randomized design. There were six treatment groups and four repetitions consisting of Dos 1 (extract 250 mg/kg BW), Dos 2 (extract 500 mg/kg BW), Dos 3 (extract 750 mg/kg BW), GLB (Glibenclamide), KP (Positive Control), KN (Negative Control). Diabetic conditions were created by alloxan induction while ulcers were created by mice dorsal incisions. Blood glucose levels were measured after alloxan induction (H0), the 7^th day (H7) and the 14^th day (H14) of treatments. The ulcer lengths were measured from the 1^st(H1), 7^th (H7), and the 14^th day (H14). Blood glucose levels data were analyzed using one way Anova test. Abnormal ulcer length data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test. The result showed noni leaf extract had significant effect on blood glucose level (P<0,05) and ulcer length (P<0,05). Dos 2 was the optimal treatment to reduced blood glucose levels and ulcer length. Noni leaf extract has the potential to be developed and implemented as antidiabetic and ulcer agent.