Expressive Illocutionary Speech Act of the Film Shézhàn 《舌战》by Péng Bó 彭博
Dalam peristiwa tutur penutur harus mampu memilih dan menggunakan tuturan yang baik agar dapat dipahami untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman penafsiran makna. Adanya perbedaan konteks dalam setiap peristiwa tutur mengakibatkan terjadi banyaknya macam bentuk tuturan, salah satunya yaitu tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif Yule, fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif Searle, dan faktor penyebab digunakannya tindak tutur dengan konteks tuturan SPEAKING Hymes. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengunakan sumber data dari Film Shézhàn《舌战》Karya Péng Bó 彭博. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan simak bebas libat cakap. Penelitian ini menghasilkan dua bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi berupa tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif langsung dan tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif tidak langsung, delapan fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif yang dianalisis bersama dengan faktor penyebab digunakannya tindak tutur berdasarkan konteks tuturan SPEAKING.
Berdasarkan analisis data, ditemukan bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi ekpresif langsung sebanyak 57 data, bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif tidak langsung 7 data. Ditemukan fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif sebanyak 1 fungsi berterima kasih, 2 fungsi meminta maaf, 10 fungsi mengharapkan, 10 fungsi membantah, 7 fungsi mengeluh, 12 fungsi memuji, 7 fungsi menyindir dan 15 fungsi mengkritik. Faktor penyebab digunakannya tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif paling banyak ditemukan adalah dikarenakan sering terjadinya kesalahpahaman antar tokoh sehingga menimbulkan amarah dan kekesalan penutur. Adapun faktor penyebab digunakannya tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif paling jarang ditemukan adalah kurangnya keharmonisan hubungan antartokoh sehingga sangat sedikit rasa bersalah dan tanggung jawab yang dialami oleh para tokoh.
In speech events, speakers must be able to choose and use good speech so that it can be understood and can avoid misunderstandings in the interpretation of meaning. The different contexts in each speech event result in many kinds of speech forms occurring, one of which is expressive illocutionary speech acts. This research aims to explain the form of Yule's expressive illocutionary speech act, the function of Searle's expressive illocutionary speech act, and the factors causing the use of speech acts in the context of SPEAKING Hymes' speech. This research uses descriptive qualitative using data sources from the film Shézhàn《舌战》by Péng Bó 彭博. The data collection technique uses free, engaged listening. This research produces two forms of illocutionary speech acts in the form of direct expressive illocutionary speech acts and indirect expressive illocutionary speech acts, eight functions of expressive illocutionary speech acts which are analyzed together with the factors causing the use of speech acts based on the context of SPEAKING speech.
Based on data analysis, 57 forms of direct expressive illocutionary speech acts were found, and 7 forms of indirect expressive illocutionary speech acts were found. It was found that the expressive illocutionary speech act functions were 1 thanking function, 2 apologizing functions, 10 expecting functions, 10 arguing functions, 7 complaining functions, 12 praising functions, 7 sarcastic functions and 15 criticizing functions. The most common cause of the use of expressive illocutionary speech acts is that misunderstandings often occur between characters, causing anger and annoyance in the speaker. The factor causing the use of expressive illocutionary speech acts that is most rarely found is the lack of harmonious relationships between characters so that there is very little feeling of guilt and responsibility experienced by the characters.