Dramaturgi Stand Up Comedian Dalam Menyampaikan Opini dan Kritik Sosial

Stand Up Comedian Dramaturgy in Conveying Opinions and Social Criticism

Stand Up Comedy menjadi salah satu media untuk menyampaikan opini dan kritik sosial yang berangkat dari keresahan. Dalam mencapai tujuan pertunjukan untuk dikenal oleh khalayak luas, comic memiliki risiko mendapat pembatasan dan pengekangan. Untuk itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik Dramaturgi comic dalam menyampaikan opini dan kritik sosial. Jenis penelitian ialah kualitatif. Metode penelitian ialah fenomenologi. Teori yang digunakan ialah Dramaturgi Erving Goffman. Subjek penelitian ialah comic yang memiliki pengalaman mendapat tindakan represi dan comic yang memiliki persona kritis namun tetap mampu menjalankan pertunjukan nya ditengah risiko represi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, jenis kritik sosial mengenai masalah politik, pendidikan, dan kebudayaan paling rawan mendapat represi dari pihak luar. Bentuk pengalaman represi comic mulai dari teguran hingga ancaman dan penghilangan akun sosial media secara paksa. Muncul respon takut dari comic, namun ada juga comic yang tetap menjalankan pertunjukan. Di belakang panggung, aktor mempersiapkan pertunjukan untuk meminimalisir timbulnya masalah akibat pertunjukan yang dilakukan. Aspek-aspek yang diperhatikan oleh comic yaitu (1) Persiapan materi; (2) Teknik delivery materi; (3) Positioning diri; (4) Kontrol audiens dengan tidak merekam dan asal memposting konten.

Kata kunci : Dramaturgi; Stand up comedy; Comic; Represi

Stand Up Comedy has become a medium for conveying opinions and social criticism based on restlessness. In achieving the show's goal of being known to a wide audience, comics run the risk of being restricted and restrained. For this reason, the research aims to find out how comic dramaturgy practices in conveying opinions and social criticism. The type of research is qualitative. The research method is phenomenology. The theory used is Erving Goffman's Dramaturgy. The research subjects are comics who have experience of repression and comics who have a critical persona but are still able to carry out their performances amidst the risk of repression. This research found that the type of social criticism regarding political, educational and cultural issues is most vulnerable to repression from outside parties. The forms of comic repression experience range from reprimands to threats and forced removal of social media accounts. There was a fearful response from comics, but there were also comics who continued to run the show. Behind the stage, actors prepare the performance to minimize problems arising from the performance. The aspects that comics pay attention to are (1) Material preparation; (2) Material delivery techniques; (3) Self-positioning; (4) Control the audience by not recording and just posting content.

Keywords: Dramaturgy; Stand Up Comedy; Comics; Repression