ABSTRAK

Collaborative Governance Dalam Upaya Pemberdayaan Penyandang Tunagrahita Melalui Budidaya Ikan Lele

Di Desa Karangpatihan Kecamatan Balong

Kabupaten Ponorogo

Nama                                    : Miftahul Solikhin

NIM                                       : 15040674051

Program Studi                    : S1 Ilmu Administrasi Negara

Jurusan                                 : Administrasi Publik

Fakultas                               : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Hukum

Nama Lembaga                 : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Pembimbing                       : Tjitjik Rahaju, S.Sos., M.Si.

Penyandang disabilitas di Indonesia saat ini hidup dalam kondisi rentan, terbelakang, dan/atau miskin. Penyandang disabilitas yang merupakan bagian dari masyarakat Indonesia yang juga memiliki hak untuk hidup sejahtera, termasuk penyandang tunagrahita didalamnya. Kesejahteraan penyandang disabilitas tercantum dalam UU No. 8 Tahun 2016. Pemerintah Desa Karangpatihan berupaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi penyandang tunagrahita berupa pemberdayaan melalui budidaya ikan lele. Pemerintah Desa Karangpatihan berkolaborasi dengan Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat Rumah Harapan Karangpatihan Bangkit, Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Kediri, pengepul lele, beserta masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan pemberdayaan bagi penyandang tunagrahita ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan proses collaborative governance dalam upaya pemberdayaan penyandang tunagrahita melalui budidaya ikan lele di Desa Karangpatihan.

                Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sedangkan fokus penelitian menggunakan teori proses collaborative governance menurut Ansell dan Gash (2007:228) yang terdiri dari face to face dialogue, trust building, commitment to the procces, shared understanding, dan intermediate outcomes. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan merupakan teknik analisis data menurut Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil penelitian tersebut berdasarakan teori Ansell and Gash sebagai berikut: 1) Face to face dialogue, dimana telah dilakukan pertemuan rutin antara Pemerintah Desa Karangpatihan bersama KSM Rumah harapan dan masyarakat, serta terdapat kunjungan-kunjungan dari KPw BI Kediri ke Desa karangpatihan; 2) Trust building, yang dilakukan antar stakeholder dengan melakukan pertemuan-pertemuan yang intensif dan melakukan transparansi; 3) Commitment to the process, masih terdapat beberapa pengurus KSM Rumah Harapan yang belum maksimal dalam mendampingi penyandang tunagrahita; 4) Shared understanding dengan melalui pertemuan atau dialog maupun komunikasi antar stakeholder; 5) Intermediate outcomes, dengan memastikan bahwa penyandang tunagrahita menguasai cara-cara budidaya ikan lele yang benar agar mampu melaksanakan budidaya ikan lele secara mandiri. Dan dikarenakan adanya hambatan keterbatasan kemampuan dan pengetahuan penyandang tunagrahita dalam budidaya ikan lele, maka pemberdayaan penyandang tunagrahita melalui budidaya ikan lele ini dihentikan. Maka untuk itu diperlukan pelatihan dan pendampingan intensif dari tenaga profesional ataupun pihak-pihak lainnya bagi penyandang tunagrahita. Dan juga perlu diperhatikannya pemilihan bentuk kegiatan penyandang tunagrahita agar mereka mampu menjalankannya dengan baik.

Kata kunci : Collaborative governance, pemberdayaan, tunagrahita.

ABSTRACT

Collaborative Governance In Efforts To Empowerment The Mental Retardation Through Catfish Farming

In The Karangpatihan Village Sub Balong

District Ponorogo

Name                                                    : Miftahul Solikhin

NIM                                                       : 15040674051

Program of Study                              : S1 Public Administration

Course                                                  : Public Administration

Faculty                                                  : Social Sciences and Law

Institution                                            : State University of Surabaya

Advisor                                                : Tjitjik Rahaju, S.Sos., M.Si.

Persons with disabilities in Indonesia currently live in vulnerable, underdeveloped, and / or poor conditions. Persons with disabilities who are part of Indonesian society who also have the right to live in prosperity, including persons with intellectual disabilities. The welfare of persons with disabilities is listed in UU No. 8 of 2016. The Karangpatihan Village Government seeks to realize welfare for people with intellectual disabilities in the form of empowerment through catfish farming. Karangpatihan Village Government collaborates with the Rumah Harapan Karangpatihan Bangkit Community Self-Help Group, Bank Indonesia Representative Office in Kediri, catfish collectors, and the community in implementing the empowerment of persons with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the process of collaborative governance in the effort to empower mentally disabled people through catfish farming in Karangpatihan Village.

This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. While the focus of research uses the theory ofprocesses collaborative governance according to Ansell and Gash (2007: 228) which consists of face to face dialogue, trust building, commitment to the process, shared understanding, and intermediate outcomes. Data collection techniques through interview, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the data analysis technique according to Miles and Huberman which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

The results of the study are based on Ansell and Gash's theory as follows: 1) Face to face dialogue, where routine meetings have been held between Karangpatihan Village Government with KSM Rumah Harapan and the community, and there are visits from KPw Kediri to Karangpatihan Village; 2) Trust building, which is carried out among stakeholders by conducting intensive meetings and conducting transparency; 3) Commitment to the process, there are still some members of the KSM Rumah Harapan management that have not been maximized in assisting people with intellectual disabilities; 4) Shared understanding through meetings or dialogues and communication between stakeholders; 5) Intermediate outcomes, by ensuring that mentally retarded people master the proper ways of catfish farming in order to be able to carry out catfish culture independently. And due to the limited ability and knowledge of the mentally retarded in catfish culture, the empowerment of persons with mental retardation through catfish culture was stopped. Therefore intensive training and assistance from professionals or other parties is needed for persons with intellectual disabilities. And also need to be considered the selection of forms of mental retardation activities so that they are able to run it well.

Keywords: Collaborative governance, empowerment, mental retardation.