Pengembangan Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik Elektronik (E-LKPD) Berbasis Project Based Learning pada Materi Ekosistem untuk Melatih Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Peserta Didik Kelas X SMA

Development of Electronic Student Worksheets (E-LKPD) Based on Project-Based Learning in Ecosystem Material to Train The Problem-Solving Skills of 10th Grade High School Students

Keterampilan pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu kemampuan penting yang perlu dimiliki peserta didik dalam menghadapi tantangan abad 21. Namun, pembelajaran Biologi di SMAN Jogoroto, khususnya pada materi ekosistem, masih cenderung bersifat teoritis dan kurang memberikan ruang bagi peserta didik untuk terlibat aktif dalam proses pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan E-LKPD berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada materi ekosistem guna melatih keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik kelas X SMA yang layak, berdasarkan aspek kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate) dengan uji coba terbatas pada 20 peserta didik kelas X SMAN Jogoroto, Jombang. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar validasi, lembar observasi, angket respon, dan tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data secara analisisi deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil validitas E-LKPD berdasarkan aspek isi, penyajian, dan kebahasaan sebesar 98,80% (sangat valid). Kepraktisan E-LKPD ditinjau melalui observasi keterlaksanaan aktivitas peserta didik sebesar 100% dan respon peserta didik sebesar 99% (sangat praktis). Keefektifan E-LKPD ditunjukkan melalui ketuntasan hasil belajar kognitif peserta didik dengan rata-rata 88 (sangat tinggi) dan ketercapaian indikator keterampilan pemecahan masalah sebesar 92% (sangat tinggi). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, E-LKPD berbasis PjBL pada materi ekosistem dinyatakan layak, yakni valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam melatih keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik kelas X SMA.

Kata Kunci: E-LKPD, Project Based Learning, ekosistem, pemecahan masalah, validitas.

Problem-solving skills are one of the important abilities that students need to have in order to face the challenges of the 21st century. However, biology learning at SMAN Jogoroto, especially in the ecosystem material, is still theoretical and does not provide enough space for students to be actively involved in the problem-solving process. This study aims to develop an E-LKPD based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) for the ecosystem topic to enhance problem-solving skills among 10th-grade high school students, focusing on validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This study uses the 4-D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) with a limited trial involving 20 tenth-grade students at SMAN Jogoroto, Jombang. The research instruments include a validation sheet, an observation sheet, a response questionnaire, and a learning outcome test. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative descriptive analysis. The validity of the E-LKPD based on content, presentation, and language aspects was 98.80% (highly valid). The practicality of the E-LKPD was assessed through observations of student activity implementation at 100% and student response at 99% (highly practical). The effectiveness of the E-LKPD was demonstrated through the cognitive learning outcomes of students with an average score of 88 (very high) and the achievement of problem-solving skill indicators at 92% (very high). Based on these results, the PjBL-based E-LKPD on the ecosystem material is deemed feasible, i.e., valid, practical, and effective in training problem-solving skills among 10th-grade high school students.

Keywords: E-LKPD, Project-Based Learning, ecosystem, problem solving, validity.