Konflik Sosial Warga Sumurgeneng Akibat Pembangunan Kilang Minyak Pertamina-Rosneft
Social Conflict of Sumurgeneng Residents Due to the Construction of the Pertamina-Rosneft Oil Refinery
Percepatan pembangunan infrastruktur bidang migas merupakan salah satu kebijakan Program Strategis Nasional (PSN) guna menumbuhkan laju ekonomi. Salah satu program PSN adalah pembangunan kilang minyak NGRR di Kecamatan Jenu Kabupaten Tuban. Kilang tersebut akan menambah kapaitas ketersediaan minyak sehingga mengurangi impor dari negara lain. Proses pembangunan kilang memicu konflik terkait pembebasan lahan di Desa Sumurgeneng, salah satu desa ring satu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab konflik, analisa konflik berdasarkas teori fungsi konflik Lewis Alfred Coser, dan identifikasi dampak dari pembangunan. Metode pendekatan penelitian bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan penyebab konflik terjadi karena adanya manipulasi data pengadaan tanah, intimidasi dari pihak pemerintah terhada warga Desa Sumurgeneng, kriminalisasi petani saat melakukan demonstrasi. Konflik yang terjadi pada Desa Sumurgeneng merupakan konflik realistis karena konflik bersumber pada materiil yaitu tanah yang diperebutkan. Konflik eksternal pada penelitian berupa kebijakan pemerintah terkait lokasi pembangunan kilang minyak dan tidakan pihak pertamina serta pemerintah terhadap petani yang menyampaikan aspirasi tentang pembebasan lahan. Konflik eksternal tersebut memperkuat solidaritas warga Desa Sumurgeneng untuk mempertahankan hak tanah mereka. Solidaritas warga Desa Sumurgeneng tercermin pada aksi-aksi perlawanan yang dilakukan. Konflik tersebut mengkategorikan pihak pihak terkait dalam kelompok In-group dan out group. Kelompok in-group terdiri dari warga yang kontra terhadap pembangunan dan kelompok out-group terdiri dari pihak yang pro pembangunan. Terdapat kelompok khusus bernama Gerakan Pemuda Tani Sumurgeneng dan Tuban Darurat Agraria. Kedua kelompok tersebut memiliki kriteria sebagai savety valve sebagai wadah aspirasi konflik yang bergejolak. Akibat dari konflik menemukan bahwa petani kehilangan wilayah pertanian yang produktif sehingga kehilangan mata pencaharian.
Kata kunci: Fungsi Konflik, Konflik Agraria, Solidaritas, Katup Penyelamat
The acceleration of infrastructure development in the oil and gas sector is one of the policies of the National Strategic Program (PSN) to grow the economy. One of the PSN programs is the construction of an NGRR oil refinery in Jenu District, Tuban Regency. The refinery will increase the capacity of oil availability thereby reducing imports from other countries. The process of building a refinery triggered a conflict related to land acquisition in Sumurgeneng Village, one of the ring 1 villages. The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of the conflict, analyze the conflict based on Lewis Alfred Coser's conflict function theory, and identify the impact of development. The research approach method is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study show that the causes of the conflict occurred because of manipulation of land acquisition data, intimidation from the government against Sumurgeneng Village residents, criminalization of farmers during demonstrations. The conflict that occurred in Sumurgeneng Village was a realistic conflict because the conflict had a material source, namely the land being contested. External conflict in this research is in the form of government policies related to the location of oil refinery construction and the actions of Pertamina and the government towards farmers who express aspirations regarding land acquisition. This external conflict strengthened the solidarity of Sumurgeneng Village residents to defend their land rights. The solidarity of the residents of Sumurgeneng Village is reflected in the acts of resistance that were carried out. The conflict categorizes the related parties into In-group and out-group groups. The in-group consists of people who are against development and the out-group consists of those who are pro-development. There is a special group called the Sumurgeneng Farmers Youth Movement and the Agrarian Emergency Tuban. The two groups have criteria as a savety valve as a forum for aspirations of turbulent conflict. The result of the conflict found that farmers lost productive agricultural areas and thus lost their livelihoods.Aaadad
Keywords: Functions of Conflict, Agrarian Conflict, Solidarity, Savety Valve