Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Asupan Protein dan Vitamin Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngoro Kabupaten Mojokerto

Kekurangan nutrisi pada ibu hamil dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin, serta menyebabkan anemia selama kehamilan. Anemia adalah suatu kondisi yang ditandai dengan konsentrasi hemoglobin lebih rendah dari batas normal. Prevalensi kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Ngoro mencapai 22,65%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecukupan asupan protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B12, dan asam folat dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Ngoro. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 52 ibu hamil yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data anemia pada ibu hamil diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin yang terdapat dalam buku catatan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC). Sementara itu, data tingkat kecukupan asupan protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B12, dan asam folat diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan menggunakan formulir Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Korelasi statistik antara variabel kategorikal dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan asupan protein (p 0,001), vitamin B12 (p 0,035), dan asam folat (p 0,021), namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan asupan vitamin C (p 0,235) dan vitamin A (p 1,000) dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ngoro Kabupaten Mojokerto.

Kata Kunci: Anemia, Ibu Hamil, Protein, Vitamin, Asam Folat

Nutritional deficiencies in pregnant women can affect fetal growth and development and cause anemia during pregnancy. Anemia can be characterized by hemoglobin concentration lower than a normal boundary. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Ngoro Health Center was 22.65%. This study aims to determine the relationship between the adequacy of protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B12, and folic acid intake with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Ngoro Health Center. The research is analytically observational, using a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were 52 pregnant women using a purposive sampling technique. Data on anemia in pregnant women were obtained from the results of hemoglobin checks recorded in the Antenatal Care (ANC) visit logbook. Meanwhile, data on the adequacy of protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B12, and folic acid intake were obtained from interviews using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) form. The statistical correlation between categorical variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a correlation between the adequacy of protein intake (p 0.001), vitamin B12 (p 0.035), and folic acid (p 0.021), but no correlation between the adequacy of vitamin C intake (p 0.235) and vitamin A (p 1.000) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Ngoro Mojokerto Regency. Pregnant women are expected to pay more attention to their nutrition intake during pregnancy.

Keywords: Anemia, Pregnant Women, Protein, Vitamin, Folic Acid