ANALISIS ITEM TES FISIK DAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH SEBAGAI PREDIKTIF KINERJA ATLET BOLA VOLI PANTAI 

ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL TEST ITEMS AND BODY COMPOSITION AS PREDICTORS OF BEACH VOLLEYBALL ATHLETE PERFORMANCE 

Kondisi fisik merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam olahraga, termasuk dalam cabang olahraga bola voli pantai. Teknik, taktik, serta strategi permainan dapat berjalan maksimal apabila atlet memiliki kondisi fisik yang prima dan komposisi tubuh yang optimal. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran kondisi fisik dan analisis komposisi tubuh menjadi faktor utama dalam meningkatkan peforma atlet bola voli pantai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis validitas dan reliabilitas item tes fisik serta hubungan antara komposisi tubuh dengan kinerja atlet bola voli pantai Jawa Timur. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode "Quantitative Development Research" dengan pendekatan korelasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 atlet bola voli pantai Jawa Timur yang menjalani 12 item tes fisik, termasuk Sit-Up, Vertical Jump Standing, Vertical Jump Running, Sprint 20 Meter, Agility Square Jump, Superman Back Hold, Russian Twist, Single Leg Squat, Chin-Up, Medicine Ball Throw, dan Sit and Reach. Pengukuran komposisi tubuh dilakukan  menggunakan alat Tanita, yang mencakup persentase lemak tubuh, massa otot, indekss massa tubuh (BMI), basall metabolic rate (BMR), dan lemak visceral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya ledak otot tungkali (Vertical Jump Standing dan running), kecepatan Sprint 20 Meter, serta kekuatan otot perut (Sit-Up dan Russian Twist) memiliki korelasi yang kuat terhadap peforma atlet, dengan nilai korelasi di atas 0,7. Selain itu, massa otot berkontribusi signifikan terhadap kekuatan dan daya tahan atlet, sementara persentase lemak tubuh yang tinggi berdampak negatif terhadap kecepatan dan ketahanan fisik. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa dari 12 item tes fisik yang dianalisis, 10 item memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan kinerja atlet, sedangkan 2 item lainnya memiliki korelasi rendah dan dapat dieliminasi dalam evaluasi fisik atlet bola voli pantai.

Kata Kunci: tes fisik, komposisi tubuh, kinerja atlet, bola voli pantai, validitas, reliabilitas, analisis korelasi

        Physical fitness is a crucial aspect of any sport, including beach volleyball. Techniques, tactics, and game strategies can be maximized if athletes are in peak physical condition and have optimal body composition. Therefore, measuring physical fitness and analyzing body composition are key factors in improving the performance of beach volleyball athletes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity and reliability of physical test items and the relationship between body composition and the performance of beach volleyball athletes in East Java. This study used the "Quantitative Development Research" method with a correlation approach. The sample in this study was 7 athletes East Java beach volleyball players underwent 12 physical test items, including Sit-Up, Vertical Jump Standing, Vertical Jump Running, 20 Meter Sprint, Agility Square Jump, Superman Back Hold, Russian Twist, Single Leg Squat, Chin-Up, Medicine Ball Throw, and Sit and Reach. Body composition measurements were conducted using the Tanita tool, which includes body fat percentage, muscle mass, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and visceral fat. The results showed that limb muscle explosive power (Vertical Jump Standing and running), 20 Meter Sprint speed, and abdominal muscle strength (Sit-Up and Russian Twist) had a strong correlation with athlete performance, with correlation values above 0.7. In addition, muscle mass contributes significantly to athlete strength and endurance, while a high body fat percentage negatively impacts speed and physical endurance. Validity and reliability tests showed that of the 12 physical test items analyzed, 10 items had a strong correlation with athlete performance, while the other 2 items had a low correlation and could be eliminated in the physical evaluation of beach volleyball athletes. Keywords: physical test, body composition, athlete performance, beach volleyball, validity, reliability, correlation analysis