Efek Ekstrak Daun Sawo (Manilkara zapota L.) terhadap Profil Pulau Langerhans dan Berat Badan Mencit Diabetes
The Effect of Manila Sapodilla Leaf Extract (Manilkara zapota L.) on Langerhans Islets Profile and Body Weight of Diabetic Mice
Abstrak. Diabetes melitus adalah penyakit gangguan metabolisme bisa diakibatkan oleh kerusakan pada pankreas. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun sawo manila terhadap profil pulau Langerhans dan berat badan mencit diabetes. Studi ini merupakan penelitian ekperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 kelompok meliputi kontrol normal (KN), kontrol aloksan (KA), (dosis ekstrak 28mg/kg BB/K1), (dosis ekstrak 56mg/kg BB/K2), (dosis ekstrak 112mg/kg BB/K3) dan glibenclamide (KG) masing-masing dengan 4 ulangan. Mencit diabetes diinduksi aloksan kemudian diberi ekstrak daun sawo dua kali sehari selama 14 hari. Profil pulau Langerhans ditentukan berdasarkan diameternya melalui pengamatan preparat H-E pankreas. Berat badan mencit ditimbang pada hari ke-0, -7 dan -14. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anova dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ekstrak daun sawo berpengaruh terhadap diameter pulau Langerhans (p<0,05) dan berat badan (p<0,05) dengan perbedaan antar perlakuan. Rerata diameter (µm) pulau Langerhans setelah 14 hari perlakuan yaitu sebesar 39,0±12,11 (KN), 34,5±8,52 (KA), 38,6±12,09 (K1), 56,5±13,95 (K2), 48,3±11,27 (K3) dan 41,6±10,53 (KG). Sedangkan berat badan (g) mencit yaitu sebesar 33,25±4,43
(KN), 33,75±3,20 (KA), 32,00±2,58 (K1), 28,75±2,63 (K2), 30,75±2,63 (K3) dan 29,50±2,89 (KG). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun sawo berpengaruh terhadap profil pulau Langerhans dan berat badan mencit diabetes dengan K2 sebagai dosis optimum.
Kata kunci: Berat badan; Daun Sawo; Diabetes; Pulau Langerhans
Abstract. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by damage of the pancreas. The study aimed to determine the effect of sapodilla leaf extract on the profile of the Langerhans islet and body weight of diabetic mice. This study was an experimental study using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatment groups including normal control (KN), alloxan control (KA), (extract dose 28mg/kg BW/K1), (extract dose 56mg/kg BW/K2), (extract dose 112mg/kg BW/K3) and glibenclamide (KG) each with 4 replication. Alloxan induced mice were treated by sapodilla leaf extract twice a day for 14 days. The profile of the Langerhans islets was determined based on their diameter by observing pancreatic HE-preparation slides. The body weight (BW) of the mice was measured on the 0, 7th and 14th days. The data gained were analyzed using Anova. The analysis showed that the extract had an effect on the diameter of the islets of Langerhans (p< 0,05) and BW of mice (p< 0,05) with differences among treatments. The means diameters of the islets of Langerhans after 14 days treatments were 39,0±12,11 (KN), 34,5±8,52 (KA), 38,6±12,09 (K1), 56,5±13,95 (K2), 48,3±11,27 (K3) and 41,6±10,53 (KG) µms. While the weight of the mice were 33,25±4,43 (KN), 33,75±3,20 (KA), 32,00±2,58 (K1), 28,75±2,63 (K2), 30,75±2,63 (K3) and 29,50±2,89 (KG) grs. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the sapodilla leaf extract had an effect on the profile of the islets of Langerhans and body weight of diabetic mice with K2 as the optimum dose.
Keywords: Bodyweight; Sapodilla leaf, Diabetic, Langerhans island