Pengembangan E-Book Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Daerah Tambak Ikan Gresik untuk Melatihkan Scientific Reasoning Siswa

Development of an E-Book Based on Local Wisdom in the Gresik Fish Pond Area to Train Student's Scientific Reasoning

Scientific reasoning merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang sangat penting dalam mempelajari biologi dan dapat dilatihkan dengan mengintegrasi fenomena kearifan lokal. Kurangnya media pembelajaran yang memfasilitasi belajar siswa menyebabkan keterampilan scientific reasoning siswa di Indonesia rendah. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dibutuhkan untuk melatihkan scientific reasoning siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan e-Book berbasis kearifan lokal daerah tambak ikan di Gresik yang layak (valid, efektif, dan praktis) untuk melatihkan keterampilan Scientific Reasoning siswa. Kearifan lokal tambak ikan di Gresik meliputi mitos dan kebiasaan petambak dalam mengelola tambak. Indikator scientific reasoning yang dilatihkan yaitu theoretical reasoning, proportional reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, dan correlational reasoning. Prosedur pengembangan e-Book menggunakan model ASSURE yang terdiri dari enam tahap yaitu (1) analyze learner characteristics, (2) state objectives, (3) select, modify or design media, (4) utilize media, (5) requires learner respons, dan (6) evaluate. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan validasi, observasi, tes, dan angket respon siswa. Implementasi dilakukan di SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya tahun ajaran 2022/2023 dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) e-book yang dikembangkan valid dengan rata-rata nilai validitas sebesar 93%, (2) keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 95% dengan kategori tinggi, (3) aktivitas siswa sebesar 85% dengan kategori tinggi, (4) hasil belajar siswa dalam indikator scientific reasoning naik menjadi 88% pada probabilistic reasoning, 82% pada theoretical reasoning, 80% pada correlation reasoning dan 79% pada proportional reasoning, serta hasil perhitungan n-Gain yang mendapat skor 0,79 dengan kriteria tinggi dan (5) respon siswa yang positif terhadap penggunaan e-book. Sehingga e-book yang dikembangkan layak digunakan ditinjau dari potensi kearifan lokal, validitas e-book, kepraktisan, dan efektivitas e-book.

Scientific reasoning is one of the most important skills in studying biology and can trigger it by integrating local wisdom phenomena. The lack of learning media that facilitates student learning causes the scientific reasoning skills of students in Indonesia to be low. Development of learning media based on local wisdom is needed to train students' scientific reasoning. This study aims to produce e-Books based on local wisdom in fishpond areas in Gresik that are feasible (valid, effective, and practical) to train students' Scientific Reasoning skills. The local wisdom of fish ponds in Gresik includes the myths and habits of farmers in managing ponds. Indicators of scientific reasoning that equate them are theoretical reasoning, proportional reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, and correlational reasoning. The e-Book development procedure uses the ASSURE model which consists of six stages, namely (1) analyzing the characteristics of the learner, (2) stating goals, (3) choosing, modifying or designing media, (4) utilizing media, (5) demanding learner responses, and (6) evaluation. Data collection was carried out by validation, observation, tests, and student response questionnaires. Implementation was carried out at Muhammadiyah 10 High School Surabaya for the 2022/2023 school year with the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The results showed that (1) the developed e-book is valid with an average value validity of 93%, (2) learning implementation is 95% in the high category, (3) student activity is 85% in the high category, (4) student learning outcomes in indicators of scientific reasoning rose to 88% in probabilistic reasoning, 82% in theoretical reasoning, 80% in correlational reasoning and 79% in proportional reasoning, as well as the results of the n-Gain calculation which scored 0.79 with high criteria and ( 5) positive student responses to the use of e-books. So that the developed e-book is feasible to use in terms of local wisdom potential, e-book validity, practicality, and e-book effectiveness.