RANCANG BANGUN PEMBUATAN HELM DENGAN MATERIAL KOMPOSIT BERBASIS SERAT TEBU DAN MATRIKS POLYESTER
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF HELMETS WITH COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON SUGARCANE FIBER AND POLYESTER MATRIX
Seiring perkembangan zaman, industri helm terus berinovasi untuk mengembangkan material yang lebih ringan dan kuat demi meningkatkan kinerja dan kenyamanan bagi pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil analisis desain helm material komposit dan polikarbonat dalam pengujian impact pada solidwork dan mengetahui hasil pengujian tekan helm yang menggunakan material komposit serat tebu dan matriks polyester.
Metode eksperimen menggunakan hand lay-up dengan komposisi 60% serat tebu dan 40% resin, perbandingan 10:1 antara serat tebu 1286 gram (panjang 15 cm), resin 105 gram, dan katalis 18,18 gram, serta variasi ketebalan helm 5 mm.
Hasil dari penelitan ini adalah simulasi uji impak pada helm dengan material komposit dengan massa beban 5 kg menunjukkan hasil deformasi dampak tertinggi 6,551 x 10-02 mm, regangan ekivalen dampak tertinggi 9,197 x 10-05 MPa, dan tegangan von mises dampak tertinggi 4,377 x 10+06 N/m2 dan hasil uji tekan dengan ketebalan helm 5 mm, arah serat 0º, diamater 180 mm, dan menggunakan standart ASTM D695 menghasilkan maximum force 0,86 kN, yield force 0.39 kN.
Kata Kunci : Helm Serat Tebu, Matriks Polyester, Metode Hand Lay-Up, Pengujian Tekan, Simulasi Uji Impact Helm.
Along with the times, the helmet industry continues to innovate to develop lighter and stronger materials to improve performance and comfort for users. This study aims to find out the results of the analysis of the design of composite and polycarbonate helmets in impact testing on solidwork and to determine the results of compression testing of helmets using sugarcane fiber composite materials and polyester matrix.
The experimental method used hand lay-up with a composition of 60% sugarcane fiber and 40% resin, a ratio of 10:1 between sugarcane fiber 1286 grams (length 15 cm), resin 105 grams, and catalyst 18.18 grams, as well as a variation in helmet thickness of 5 mm.
The results of this research are a simulation of impact tests on helmets with composite materials with a load mass of 5 kg showing the highest impact deformation results of 6.551 x 10-02 mm, the highest impact equivalent strain of 9.197 x 10-05 MPa, and the highest impact von mises stress of 4.377 x 10+06 N/m2 and the results of the compression test with a helmet thickness of 5 mm, Fiber direction 0º, diameter 180 mm, and using ASTM D695 standard produces a maximum force of 0.86 kN, yield force 0.39 kN.
Keywords: Sugarcane Fiber Helmet, Polyester Matrix, Hand Lay-Up Method, Pressure Testing, Helmet Impact Test Simulation.