Pengembangan E-LAPD Interaktif Berbasis Tiga Level Representasi Kimia untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Materi Sel Volta

Development of Interactive E-LAPD Based on Three Levels of Chemical Representation to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills on Voltaic Cell Material

Pembelajaran kimia dianggap sulit karena bersifat abstrak dan hanya disajikan dalam dua level representasi, terutama pada materi sel volta. Di SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya, keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih rendah karena media pembelajaran belum mendukung tiga level representasi dan tuntutan abad ke-21.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik setelah menggunakan E-LAPD interaktif yang berbasis tiga level representasi kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian R&D (Research and Development) dengan model 4-D yang dibatasi pada tahap develop. Pada tahap develop dilaksanakan telaah, validasi, dan uji coba terabatas. Subjek dari penelitian ini peserta didik kelas XII-3 di SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, angket respon, lembar observasi dan soal pretest-posttest. Data hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa E-LAPD layak diujicobakan dengan median ≥ 4 atau lebih (skala 1-5). Respon peserta didik terhadap media ini mendapatkan skor kepraktisan ≥ 61%, hal ini didukung dengan hasil observasi aktivitas peserta didik yang mendapatkan Persentase lebih dari ≥ 61% dan dinyatakan praktis. Hasil pretest-posttest dianalisis menggunakan N-Gain score pada rentang 0,72-0,89 dengan kategori tinggi yang menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan E-LAPD berbasis tiga level representasi kimia pada materi sel volta dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. 

Katakunci : E-LAPD Interaktif, Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Sel Volta, Tiga Level Representasi Kimia

Chemistry learning is considered difficult because it is abstract and only presented in two levels of representation, especially in the voltaic cell material. In SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya, students critical thinking skills are still low because the learning media does not support three levels of representation and the demands of the 21st century. The purpose of this study was to analyze students critical thinking skills after using interactive E-LAPD based on three levels of chemical representation. This study uses the R&D (Research and Development) research method with a 4-D model that is limited to the develop stage. At the develop stage, a review, validation, and limited trial were carried out. The subjects of this study were students in grade XII-3 at SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya. The instruments used were validation sheets, response questionnaires, observation sheets, and pretest-posttest questions. The validation data showed that E-LAPD was worthy of being tested with a median of ≥ 4 or more (scale 1-5). The students response to this media got a practicality score of ≥ 61%, this is supported by the results of observations of students activities which got a percentage of more than ≥ 61% and were stated as practical. The pretest-posttest results were analyzed using the N-Gain score in the range of 0.72-0.89 with a high category indicating a significant increase in students critical thinking skills. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that learning using E-LAPD based on three levels of chemical representation in voltaic cell material can improve students critical thinking skills.

Keywords: Interactive E-LAPD, Critical Thinking Skills, Voltaic Cells, Three Levels of Chemical Representation