Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Puisi Bahasa Indonesia dalam Bentuk Komik pada Pembelajaran Berpendekatan SAVI Untuk Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Bina Insan Mandiri

The Development of Indonesian Poetry Writing Teaching Material in the Form of Comics in SAVI Approach for Class VIII Students of Bina Insan Mandiri Middle School

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk bahan ajar komik berpendekatan SAVI pada materi menulis puisi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Bina Insan Mandiri, mendeskripsikan kualitas bahan ajar melalui pendekatan SAVI pada materi menulis puisi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Bina Insan Mandiri, dan mengukur tingkat keefektifan bahan ajar komik berpendekatan SAVI. Bahan ajar yang berbentuk komik berpendekatan SAVI (Somatis, Audio, Visual, dan Intelektual) merupakan solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan kesulitan siswa dalam memahami materi puisi. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII SMP Bina Insan Mandiri, dengan jumlah sepuluh siswa untuk subjek uji coba terbatas dan empat puluh siswa untuk subjek uji coba luas.

Desain pengembangan bahan ajar berpendekatan SAVI pada bahan ajar menulis puisi bahasa Indonesia dalam bentuk komik menggunakan rancangan model Thiagarajan dkk (2007: 65) yang dikenal dengan model 4-D, yaitu pendefinisian (define), desain (design), pengembangan (develop), dan desiminasi (disseminate) atau diadaptasikan menjadi model 4-P, yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran. Pengambilan pengembangan model 4-D ini dilakukan karena uraian dan penjelasan pada penelitian pengembangan model 4-D lebih lengkap dan sistematis dan dalam pengembangannya keterlibatan ahli sehingga sebelum dilakukan uji coba pada lapangan sudah melakukan revisi berdasarkan penilaian, saran, dan masukan para ahli. Penelitian ini melakukan pengembangan hingga pada tahap 3-D yaitu pendefinisian, desain, dan pengembangan.

Desain analisis data kualitas bahan ajar berpendekatan SAVI pada materi menulis puisi dilihat dari aspek produknya dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif kuantatif dengan kriteria perhitungan skala likert dan presentase sebagai analisis data dari tingkat kefektifan bahan ajar bentuk komik berpendekatan SAVI menggunakan dari rumus normalized gain.

Hasil dari pengembangan bahan ajar berpendekatan SAVI pada bahan ajar menulis puisi bahasa Indonesia dalam bentuk komik adalah (1) Proses pengembangan bahan ajar bentuk komik terdiri atas; a) tahap pendefinisian, b) tahap perancangan, b) tahap pengembangan, (2) kualitas desain bahan ajar kategori “baik”. Hasil tersebut diperoleh dari validasi ahli dengan hasil 80%. Maka, kualitas materi bahan ajar kategori “sangat baik”. Hasil tersebut diperoleh dari validasi ahli dengan hasil 82,85%. Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas desain dan kualitas materi bahan ajar layak untuk digunakan, (3) Keefektifan pengembangan bahan ajar berpendekatan SAVI pada materi menulis puisi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Bina Insan Mandiri kategori kurang efektif dengan perolehan 0.18 pada uji coba terbatas dan 0.24 pada uji coba luas berdasarkan perhitungan normalized gain. Maka, dapat disimpulkan mengalami perubahan peningkatan sejumlah 0.6, menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tersebut tidak mengalami peningkatan yang cepat, hal ini dikarenakan fokus siswa terbagi antara proses penelitian dan proses persiapan akan perpulangan santri, pengondisian kondisi kelas kurang berhasil.

Kata Kunci : SAVI, Bahan Ajar Komik, dan Puisi

This study aims to produce SAVI comic teaching material products on writing poetry for eighth-grade students of Bina Insan Mandiri Middle School by describing the quality of teaching materials through the SAVI approach to poetry writing for eighth-grade students of the Bina Insan Mandiri Junior High School. Moreover, this study also aims to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials comics with the SAVI approach. Teaching material in the form of comics with the SAVI approach (Somatic, Audio, Visual, and Intellectual) is a solution to overcome the students' difficulties in understanding poetry material. The subjects in this study were 8^th grade students of Bina Insan Mandiri Junior High School, with a total of 10 students for limited subjects and forty students for extensive subjects.

The design of the development of teaching materials with the SAVI approach in teaching Indonesian poetry in the form of the comic is using the design model by Thiagarajan et al (2007: 65) known as the 4-D model, which are defining, design, developing, and dissemination. If it adapted into a 4-P model, those steps can be changed as the definition, design, development, and distribution. The researcher chooses the development of the 4-D model because of its completer and more systematic. Furthermore, in the development of the related material, there is expert involvement which means that before conducting the data, the instruments have been revised based on the suggestion, and assessment from the expert. This research develops into the 3-D stage, which is defining, design, and development.

The design of data analysis quality of SAVI-related teaching materials on poetry writing viewed from the aspect of its products is using a quantitative descriptive techniques, in the form of Likert Scale criteria and percentage as the data analysis of the effectiveness of teaching materials using SAVI approach in the comic forms adopting the normalized gain formula.

The results of the development of teaching materials related to SAVI on teaching writing of Indonesian poetry in the form comic are: (1) The process of developing teaching materials in the form of comics consists of; a) the defining stage, b) the design phase, b) the development stage, (2) the quality of the teaching material design category is "good". The results were obtained from expert validation with 80% results. So, the quality of the teaching materials is "very good". The results were obtained from expert validation with 82.85% results. So, it can be concluded that the quality of design and quality of teaching material is feasible to use, (3) The effectiveness of developing teaching materials with SAVI approach to writing poetry material in eighth-grade students of Bina Insan Mandiri Junior High School category is less effective with the acquisition of 0.18 in the limited subject and 0.24 in the extensive subject based on normalized gain calculations. Finally, it can be concluded that the increase of the experience is 0.6, indicating that the increase did not represent a rapid increase. This is happened because the focus of students was divided between the research process and the preparation process for the final-term holiday. So, the classroom conditioning is less successful.

Keywords: The SAVI, teaching materials, poetry