TAKDIR DAN KEBEBASAN BERKEHENDAK DALAM FILM NEZHA《哪吒》 KARYA JIAO ZI《饺子》(KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGI METAFISIK ANTON BAKKER)

Abstrak

Penelitian Takdir dan Kebebasan Berkehendak dalam Film Nezha《哪吒》 Karya Jiaozi《饺子》menggunakan kajian antropologi metafisik Anton Bakker. Antropologi metafisik mengkaji tentang hakikat manusia dan asal-usul manusia, termasuk mengkaji tentang adanya takdir dan kebebasan berkehendak manusia. Peneliti memilih film Nezha 《哪吒》 Karya Jiaozi《饺子》untuk dikaji karena dalam film tersebut mengandung banyak unsur takdir dan kebebasan berkehendak yang dituturkan melalui dialog maupun monolog oleh tokoh Nezha sendiri. Peneliti ingin meneliti unsur-unsur tersebut dan mengkaji bagaimana tokoh dalam menyikapi sebuah takdir yang diterimanya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, sumber data utama diperoleh dari film Nezha 《哪吒》dan data diperoleh dari monolog dan dialog antar tokoh yang mengandung unsur takdir dan kebebasan berkehendak. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simak, baca, dan dokumentasi berupa catatan. Hasil penelitian dalam Film Nezha 《哪吒》 ini menunjukkan bahwa pada masing-masing unsur terbagi menjadi tiga bagian. Dalam unsur takdir terbagi menjadi determinasi total, determinasi sedang, dan determinasi-indeterminasi. Sedangkan unsur kebebasan berkehandak terbagi menjadi indeterminasi total, indeterminasi sedang, dan indeterminasi-determinasi. Peneliti mengelompokkan monolog dan dialog antar tokoh dalam bagian-bagian tersebut.

Kata kumci: takdir, determinasi, kebebasan berkehendak, indeterminasi

Abstract

The research Determinism and Free Will in Movie Nezha by Jiao Zi used theory Metaphysical Anthropology by Anton Bakker. Metaphysical Anthropology is studied about human nature and human being, included determinism and free will. Researcher choose to research this film because in this film containes many of determinism and free will element, which is spoken through interpersonal dialogue and spoken monologue by nezha itself. The researcher want to studied the elements and how character react to his determinism that he have received. The type of this research used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the source of data is from Nezha by Jiao Zi, and the data are from monologues and dialogues which containes determinism and free will elements. The data collected by using reading methods, observing methods, and taking notes as documentary. The results of this research is that each of elements have three parts. In determinations element be part of extreme determination , mid determination, and determination-indetermination. While free will be part of extreme indetermination, mid determination, and indetermination-determination. Reaserchers classfy monologue and interpersonal dialogue to that parts.

Keywords: predestination, determinism, free will, indeterminsim